Kanban - he aha te mea te reira? Ko te parau tumu o te whakangao hiroki

Kanban - he aha te mea te reira? Kei pehea ngā kōrero he kāri kanban, a he aha te mahi tikanga mahi i roto i te hanga? I roto i tenei tuhinga ka whakamārama tatou i roto i te taipitopito nga tikanga o te whakatinanatanga whai hua o te kanban, a ka hoatu he pikitia oraora o te kaupapa o te mahere e pā ana ki te tauira motuhake. I tua atu, i muri i te arotake i te rauemi e ako koe te mea e hiahiatia ana te poari kanban, i roto i nei ngā wāhi, i roto i te tua ki te hanga, he mea tika ki te whakamahi i tenei tikanga, me e taea te mahi kia rite ki te kē pai ki reira.

Ko te ngako o nga āhuatanga ariā me te matua o te tikanga

I teie mahana e nehenehe tatou e mau i te kanapa e whangai ana ki te whakapiki ake i te utu o te rokiroki rārangi, e ko te take matua mo te hanganga o complexes "inamata" whakahaere, e pā ana ki te pūnaha kanban. I roto i te Japanese, "Kanban" e pā ana ki te "tūtohu", "icon". Tenei wā ko te tikanga o whakamōhio, i te tikanga o nei homai te whakaaetanga, he tohu o te hanga whakakorenga ranei o (whakawhiti) o te pūnaha kume ranei.

Te whakatinanatanga hakari taea ki te whakaora mōhiohio ki tino whakahaere rārangi ahumahi kikokore i te whakamahi o ngā kāri mōhiohio mō te whakawhitihia he tikanga motuhake ki te hanga i te atamira muri ki te mua.

Kaiwhakawhanake rite te pūnaha hua ko te Toyota Motors, aroaro te whakaaro o whakamārama pehea tetahi o nga nganatanga tuatahi o te whakatinanatanga mahi o te tikanga o "tika i roto i te wa". kawea pūnaha Kanban mō te hanga i roto i roto i runga i te tikanga e whai ake nei: kua tukua te wae hinonga i roto i te nui ngā o ngā rauemi, me te wā mārama o te wā e tika ana ki te whakarite i te tikanga.

Taipitopito o te tukanga

Ko tino māmā te tikanga kaupapa aroaro, reira rarahi kua he rawa pai pānga i runga i te whakahaere o te tukanga whakaputa. I muri i te supply o nga wae hinonga o te rauemi ki te faatura, hanga he tātai taipitopito o te nui e hiahiatia ana o te mahi i roto i te ahunga whakamua, e me riro tika i te atamira penultimate (te taua kia ki te hua oti, aua, ko reira te taahiraa hopea i roto i te tukanga). Waihoki, i hanga he tono te taahiraa penultimate ki te taahiraa o mua ki te rōrahi motuhake o intermediates.

Ko te kupu, i hanga te tauine o te whakaputa i roto i te wāhi ngā i roto i runga i te hiahia o te atamira production muri. Ko reira arorau e waenganui i rua ngā wāhanga o te tukanga whakaputa, kei nei te tatau i muri, tāuta he momo hono rua:

1. Ki te wā n-th i runga i te n-1 te tono ( "kumea") te nui e tika ana o te mahi i roto i te ahunga whakamua.
2. Ki te wā n-1-th o nga rauemi awa n-th o te natura rauemi i roto i te nui e tika ana.

taputapu whakawhiti mōhiohio

Hei mahino pai kanban - he aha te mea te reira, kia mohio ki taua mea e te mea o te whakawhiti o ngā raraunga i roto i te pūnaha he kāri motuhake, e kua whakarōpūtia ki e rua ngā rōpū:

1. Utauta e kua pā hāngai ki te raupapa production. I roto i tenei ahua o kāri i roto i te wahi tuatahi tohu te maha o ngā wāhanga e me hanga i te wā o mua o te tukanga whakaputa. haere ratou ki te atamira n-th o te hanga o te atamira n-1 me te mahi rite te take matua mō te whanaketanga o te hōtaka hanga o ēnei wāhanga.
2. taputapu kōwhiringa whakarato ngā mōhiohio rite ki te whānuitanga hiahiatia o te rauemi āhua rauemi (konei ngā hua āhua-oti, rauemi, wāhanga, me ētahi atu) e te hunga ki te kia mau i te wā o mua o te whakaminenga. Tenei ahua o te moni rauemi whakaatu kāri, ki runga ki te taenga n-th wāhanga o te tukanga whakaputa i te n-1 Hōngongoi.

He mea nui ki te mōhio e taea te kāri e ki porotītiti i roto i te pā ana ki te hanganga ā-o te hinonga kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i ona manga corporations ranei e tautoko mahi tahi.

whakamahi pai o te kanban - he aha te mea te reira?

Tayiti Ono, peresideni o Toyota Motor Corporation, kua whakawhanakehia he huinga o te mau parau tumu e taea ai te whakamahi kanban tino pai:

• mahi o muri i roto i te faatura o te mahi ahumahi e mutu wāhanga rōrahi, ka mea kāri, i te mahi mua.
• mahi Manufacturing, e te hunga i roto i te mua, i runga i te hanganga o mongamonga i roto i te nui, me te raupapa i kei roto i te kāri ngā.
• E kore kōrero pērā e taea te hanga kahore te kāri. Tenei kai taea hoki te whakaiti o te overproduction, me te kaupapa nui o ngā hua. Ko te kupu, ko te rōrahi o kāri, noho i roto i te tohanga, ōrite ki te tau mōrahi o te rakau.
• Kāri - he tikanga ki te hanga i te hua (koloa i roto i tetahi take e piri ki te kāri hāngai).
• e kore e taea te whakawhiti Wāhanga he koha ki te tukanga muri. arata'i tenei āhuatanga ki te tuku o te nuinga o ngā hua koha-free.
• Whakaiti i te maha o ngā kāri faarahi ratou tūtohutanga. Na, haere atu nga raruraru ngā ka kawea i roto i te mana whai hua ki runga i rārangi.

Āhuatanga o te kāri tono

Ka rite ki tahuri reira i roto i, kawea whakahaere Kanban te roto i roto i te tauira motuhake, e whai wāhi te whakamahi o kāri motuhake. whakaritenga Na, i roto i te akoranga o ratou whakamahi me tino whakatinana hoki haumarutanga tino me te aritanga mōrahi o te pūnaha: whakakorea tino te mate o kāri, me te ratou Mixing.

Kua whakawhanakehia e matou he tikanga whai hua e ai ki he tapakuha, te pūnaha Kanban hua mōrahi. Poari o tenei tikanga tavini rite te wahi o kaha kohinga kāri, rite na maha i roto i nga kaimahi wāhi mahi whakamahi maha ngā taputapu rerekē. Ko te kupu, kāri, noho ki te kaiwhakanao, kua whakanohoia i roto i te poari mana. A, no ka tae nga taputapu kāri hou riro te mara "tīmatanga", haere he fakakātoa 'o te tau wahi e hāngai ana o ngā kāri e ki te whakatinanatanga atu o te tukanga whakaputa.

Ko te painga o te whakamahi i te tikanga kanban - he aha te mea te reira?

Pakihi tono pūnaha CANBAN kawea i roto i supply rā o ngā rauemi rauemi (a maha rave rahi mau taime i roto i te ra). āhei te reira ki a koutou tino whakahou i te tuatapaparaa o āhua 100-300 wa i roto i te tau. Ki te whakarite tatou ki ngā pūnaha kanban pērā i Mighty te MAP ranei, i roto i te take nei e atu maha whakahoutia āhua 10 ngā wā.

He pai mō te tikanga kanban tauira i whakaritea e, te heheu mai tona painga tino i runga i te tahi atu, iti iho hua. Na, Toyota Motors Corporation i tetahi o nga wāhi maha o te hanga i roto i te 1976, hoko i te rauemi e toru ana inoinga i te ra, a i roto i te 1983 - kua katoa tekau meneti.

maha Kanban whakamahia i roto i hokomaha (rawa i hanga hoki tenei kararehe). Ko te kupu, e tuku te kiritaki ki te kōwhiringa hokomaha kanban, e kī, rite tuhia i runga ake, te nui o te hua, me te hokomaha homai āta reira te maha o ngā tūemi. I te wa ano e tuku te reira ki te taha hokomaha o te whakakī kaiwhakarato kanban, i muri nei ka tukua te kaiwhakarato te hua i roto i te hokomaha.

Ko te āhuatanga taketake o te tikanga

Ko te wāhanga tino nui o te pūnaha kanban e whai ake nei:

1. matatini Information, e kei i roto i tona hanganga kore anake kāri, engari ano hoki ngā tūtohi te hanga, waka ranei resupply te āhua me ngā mahere takotoranga hangarau.
2. Te matatini he pā ana tika ki nga whakaritenga mana, me te hurihanga tito ngaio.
3. Matatini, tuku ki te whakatinana i te ao (TQM) me whiriwhiri ( "Jidoka") mana kounga hua.
4. Te matatini e mau ana i roto i te tīaroaro tino o te hanga.

āhuatanga Vauvauhia whakamahia i roto i te taha, ka taea e te whakatutuki i te poto taea huringa production, rawa taumata-tiketike rerekē haere (t. H. Inventory) me hoki ki te whakakore arahi ki te utu iti o rua hanga me te rokiroki ranei rārangi , me, o te akoranga, te whakatutuki i te teitei te kounga hua i roto i ia o nga wāhanga o te tukanga whakaputa.

Huakore o te pūnaha, me ona hua

Ka rite ki ki tetahi pūnaha whanaketanga "tika i roto i te wa" e hua ana te ki etahi downsides. Tuatahi, ko reira te uaua o te whakahaere i te ruruku taumata-tiketike i waenganui i nga wāhanga o te whakaputa o te hua.

Tuarua - he mōrearea nui o te kore o te tukanga whakaputa, te whakaatu i, me hoko o ngā hua. Otiia, whakakitea te tātaritanga āmiki o ngā mahi ao e pā ana ki te tono o tenei tikanga e te pūnaha hakari hanga reira taea ki te whakaiti tuatapaparaa i roto i te hawhe, me te hokohoko - i 8%, me te whakaterenga nui o rerekē haere o te whakapaipai mahi me, o te akoranga, te whakapai ake i te kounga o te hua oti.

He mea nui ki te mōhio e kore e mutu te whakamahi o te kanban ki te tukanga whakaputa. Ko te kupu, Kei te kaha whakamahia te pūnaha i roto i nga mahi tari me te kaupapa, hōtaka (i reira ko te whānuitanga katoa o te whanaketanga kanban), me te ki te whakatutuki i ngā hua whaiaro (momo whaiaro o te kanban).