Kaituhi Robert Stevenson mahi haurongo

Robert Stevenson - tetahi o nga kaituhi tino rongonui, Kei te maha i whakaaro te kaituhi o te pukapuka - te pūrākau "Island Treasure", mahi whaiāipo me te taitamariki. Ahakoa tenei, ko Stevenson he tangata i tautohetia, engari he mau i hohonu iho i te mea ai reira tona pūrākau pai-mohiotia.

Ko te mana o te ahurea ā-motu i runga i te kaituhi heke mai

Scot i whanau, whakatipu me Kōtimana Kōtimana wairua motu - ko nga āhuatanga e tika whakaahua i te tangata kia rite ki Robert Louis Stevenson enei. Haurongo o te kaituhi fakapapau'i e kua i te ahurea me te hītori Kotimana he mana nui i runga i te hanganga o Stevenson rite te tangata. whanau te kaituhi i mua nei i roto i Edinburgh - te ahurea, me te tōrangapū whakapaipai o Kotirana.

Ko te tupuna o te wahi o te papa o te kaituhi i kaimahi, he kaimira, māra, a ko tona koroua he mataaro rongonui, nei i whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o piriti, tiiramaroa me breakwaters. tonu Stevenson ki mahi koroua, tona papa, me tuakana.

Na roto i te whaea o te kaituhi heke mai, no ia ki te āhua o Balfour, e rite hapu rangatira o te rohe me te wahi flat o Kotirana tahito, me te pai-mohiotia.

aamu utuafare, tona tuatapaparaa tupuna, pakiaka hohonu - Ko nga mea i ko ahau anaanatae i roto i te Robert Stevenson enei. Haurongo tohu e, nga wahi katoa i ia, noho tonu ia Scot pono. Ahakoa i roto i Te Moananui-, te wahi e kore te pāmahana makaka i raro 40 nekehanga, i tona whare, hanga ana e ia he kanga ahi Kotimana angamaheni.

Childhood me te taiohitanga

ko Robert Louis Stevenson anake te tamaiti i roto i te utuafare. Ka rite ki te koati, i tukua e ia he puke lahi, e muri i te mana ki runga ki a ia tae noa ki te mutunga o nga ra. Louis maha kirika, i ia te maremare tonu, i kore whiwhi ia nui rangi. haurongo noa katoa tohu kohi tino nanakia raruraru arahau ranei. Pain, ataahua, ngoikore, me te thinness - he mea e tukua e ora katoa e Robert Stevenson enei. Photo i te kaituhi mārama mau tenei i roto i.

Tona tamarikitanga, me te taitamarikitanga rite te kaituhi manatu te wā mutunga o te kirika, te mamae me te ohoroa. I tonoa e te tamaiti ki te kura i roto i te ono tau, engari e tika ana ki te āhua o tana ako kihai i angitu. i whakakapi Lewis e rave rahi kura, kaiako tūmataiti, i ako ia i te kura whaimana mō te tamariki a pai-mohiotia a rawa mātua - Edinburgh Academy. Whakarongo ki tona papa, ua faaoti ia ki tonu i te mahi whānau me tomo te University o Edinburgh, i reira ako ia engineering, i roto i ngā te hanga o tiiramaroa.

Interest i roto i te tuhinga

Engineering me te hanga o tiiramaroa - he mea e te hunga tino hiahia i roto i Robert Louis Stevenson enei. tohu Haurongo e ia hihiko rave i roto i te wahi mahi o te ako, i kawea i roto i runga i te pae hanga. hoki ngā te hōtaka he tukupu i roto i te take i runga i te takere, te wahi i reira taea ki te tūhura i te whenua raro me toka e mahi rite te pūtake mo te hanganga o te rama.

Etahi wa i muri mai, tono Lewis hoki te whai wāhitanga i roto i te whakataetae i te Royal Kotimana Society o Sciences, te wahi aroaro ia tona pehepehe "He momo hou o mea piupiu marama mo tiiramaroa," hoki i riro ia te mētara hiriwa. I roto i te rua wiki i roto i te aparauraa nui ki tona papa Stevenson ta hiahia ana ia ki te whakamutu engineering. ko Matua ki tuhinga, na ka whakaritea e te reira e e riro i te tama i te rōia. whakaritea taua kē Louis. Tuatahi, ka hoatu e te mahi tikanga ture ia wa atu noa, a tuarua, te teina rongonui Stevenson, Valter Skott, ko ano hoki he rōia, kihai i ārai ia i muri ki te riro i te kaituhi rongonui. haere Lewis nga whakamātautau katoa a riro te taitara o te rōia, engari ko te reira i te haamauraa anake o te meka e ia mau kaituhi.

Ko te timatanga o te mahi tuhituhi

ua faaite kaituhi Tuatahi Robert Stephenson ia i te tau o ono. I te tikanga o tona papa pukapuka iti "i puta Pentland whakatikanga ake. kōrero Whārangi roto i 1666 ". Here whakaahuatia kaituhi taitamariki te whakatikanga ake kaiahuwhenua tawhito e rua rau tau i roto i Scotland. kihai i mohiotia tenei mahi, engari kua reira ko moni o te kaituhi kitea i roto i te aamu o te iwi, me te hiahia ki te kia whāinga, me te tika.

Ko te mahi nui tuatahi ko te pūrākau e Roberta Stivensona "te Road". Ko te tino tohu te ingoa no te mea, ahakoa te meka e ko he e mate ana, me te ngoikore Stevenson, i akina atu ona he wawahi faufaa, me te aronganui ia ki te haere i te rota.

haerenga tuatahi

I roto i te 1876, Stevenson ki ana hoa haere i te waka i te awa, me awa o France, a Belgium. Ko te ūnga whakamutunga ko Paris, engari i noho hoa i roto i te kainga awa, taonga i roto i te hītori. Tenei haerenga i te pānga nui i runga i Stevenson. Hoki kāinga, ka anga tonu ia mahi i runga i te whakaahuatanga o tona ara, e muri tahuri ki te mahi o "Journey ki te roto o te whenua", ka kua i hoki i te pānga i runga i tona mahi muri.

whakaahua ana te kaituhi ia tukanga haere, he momo o āhuatanga rorirori, me te heahea i puta i roto i te haerenga, whakaahua ana iwi, ratou pūāhua me tikanga. I te wa ano reira e hohoro ai te mo'ikai fu'u, tuku i te kaipānui ki te hanga i tona whakaaro ake e pā ana ki nga mea katoa. Ko reira i roto i tenei ara, ka tutaki Robert Stevenson Fanny Osborne, e riro i muri Fanny Stevenson.

Fanny

Ki te Frances Matilda tutaki Osborne Lewis i roto i tetahi o nga kainga French i te wa, i te aroha o te peita ia. Tata ngā kaituhi katoa e mea ai ko tenei hui aroha i titiro tuatahi. kotahi tekau nga tau pakeke atu Lewis ko Fanny, marenatia ki te foi, a e rua tamariki, a ka rapu mō te pororaru, i muri i te matenga o tona tamaiti whakaotinga. korero ratou he rota, pau tahi wa, a muri whawhati ake tuhituhi reta tonu.

He tau torutoru i muri, i roto i 1879, riro Robert Stevenson te pukapuka i Fanny, tonu te ihirangi o e mohiotia ki hītori. Hai i korero ia e pā ana ki tona mate nui. i uaua Lewis huru i taua wa: ma'i roa, raruraru pūtea, totohe ki tona papa, kia rite ki hoa, e mea e marena Fanny wahine. kihai tenei katoa i mutu Lewis. Ia hohoro ora ake, ka haere ki a Amerika, i reira i taua wa i ora ai Fanny. ko te roa, me te uaua te haere.

I muri tae i roto i Amerika, ka haere ia ki te pereoo auahi manene roa i New York ki San Francisco. Otiia kihai i reira Fanny, oho ia ki Monterrey. haere Lewis ki te haere i muri. haere ia tetahi i runga i te hoiho. I roto i te ara e te tino heke tona huru, a ngaro ia mahara. kitea e ahau ki a ia he kirehe mohoao rohe o pea, e whakangotea ana noho Lewis i runga i te mimiha o te ora me te mate mo te maha o nga ra i. He kaha riro, tae tonu Stevenson Fanny.

Ahakoa nga mau fifi katoa, i roto i 1880, ka moea e Stevenson Fanny Osbourne a hoki ana te kāinga ki tana wahine, ana tamariki, me te mōhiotanga nui, wheako me te wheako te ora. tahi Fanny me ana tamariki Stevenson i runga i tona haerenga, ka a ki a ia tae noa ki ona ra whakamutunga.

momo haere i roto i te mahi o Stevenson

Te haere e te tūranga nui i roto i te mahi o te kaituhi. kihai i tenei kaupapa hou i roto i te tuhinga, engari kua kite atu kaituhi e kore ko te hero-haere te ara e kitea ai e Robert Stevenson. kaituhi o te mahi whakaahua i te tangata haere e mahi ana huakore, me te moumou. Ko maha tenei haere he kaitoi te kaituhi ranei. e kore e rapu ia tetahi painga, waives tohu monū atu ranei.

tuhinga roa Travel tīmata conventionally Stevenson. whakaaturia ana haere te rite te hīkoi iti, me te ohie, i roto i nei heheu te idiocy o te tangata-tangata. I muri mai i tenei whakaaro i roto i tona mahi e whakamahia ana, me ētahi atu kaituhi pai-mohiotia, tae atu K. Jerome.

Ko te wheako riro i roto i te haere tuatahi, me te muri, awe te mahi tuhituhi o te kaituhi, tae atu ki tana mahi tino rongonui - te pūrākau "Island Treasure".

"Island Treasure"

"Treasure Island" Ko kore te pūrākau tino rongonui Roberta Lyuisa Stevenson. Tonu tāngia mahi oti i roto i te moheni o te tamariki rongonui i raro i te pseudonym, engari kihai i kawea mai rongonui. Ano, maha haere mai ngā urupare kino, me te ara pouri ki te tari ētita. Ka rite ki te pukapuka, a ki te ingoa tūturu o te kaituhi o te pūrākau ka puta mai i roto i te tau i muri mai. Tenei wa ko he angitu nui i te pūrākau.

Ahakoa te pūrākau he wahi tika ohie me te wahi rite tetahi pūrākau mōrearea, kei reira taime ngaohiko. E kore te mea te pikitia whānui o te kaituhi hanga he whakamārama taipitopito o horopaki o ia rā, me te nuinga o te puka kōrero. hanga Stevenson whānui whakamahi o Kōrero, e hanga te kōrero atu kaha, me te whakaari titiro.

Ahakoa te meka i whakaaro te pūrākau e ki kia taitamariki, me te aroha, kua hāngai te reira i runga i ngā take tino me ngā kaupapa. I roto i ngā, e korero tatou e pā ana ki te raruraru o te rerekē o ngā pūāhua, ngā wheako wairua, me te e pā ana ki te aroraa i waenganui i te pai, me te kino.

"Janet kanga"

Tona moni i roto i te wairua, me te wairua o te tangata, whakatinana Robert Louis Stevenson mahi te "kanga Janet '. I roto i tenei kōrero, faaoti te kaituhi ki te whakakotahi i te tūturu me te fantastic, ka kōrero hoki ki te meka i nga wa katoa e kua reira utu - iho Kōtimana me auaha. Ahakoa te meka e te hua o te iti ngā, ko reira kaituhi hohonu rawa te whakahaere ki te whakaatu i te wairua tangata, ona wehi me manukanuka.

Nā ki te peculiarities o te kōrero hanga whakahaere te kaituhi ki te hanga i taua mea, kia te mea katoa tūturu i roto i te aamu fantastic, engari fantastic katoa - tūturu. I roto i tenei take, he tino arorau, me te whakapono te aamu iho. Kua riro te raruraru wheako kia aronganui o te pānga ki te kaituhi, e pupuri ana ia ki te whakaatu i te reira atu, ngā i roto i te kōrero rongonui "te Case Strange o Tākuta Jekyll ko Mr Hyde".

"Case Ke o Tākuta Jekyll ko Mr Hyde"

Ko te pana o te tuhi i te pūrākau ko mohio o Stevenson ki pukapuka "Crime me rapu" o Dostoevsky, i te aroaro nei i roto i te ara hou te raruraru o te morare tangata me matatika. hero o te kōrero - he mohio, whakaute, whai Dr. Jekyll - he hua o te whakamātau i taka motumotuhia tona tuakiri, me te taea te marama o to ratou mahanga kino, me te kino Mr Hyde.

Stevenson whakaara ake te take o te whakaaro o te ora, te raruraru o te haere noa, whiriwhiri, ako ā-me te otinga. I tuhituhia te kōrero i roto i te puka e kore e nei i tūmanakohia e Stevenson, a meinga ahuareka whānui.

Ko te pūrākau "te Ariki o Ballantrae"

Tenei mahi o Lewis ko tetahi o te pouri, engari ko tenei te wahi i tae Stevenson te tihi o ratou pūkenga. Te reira i te i roto i tenei pūrākau, ngā ia e rua o nga kaupapa tino nui o tona mahi: te aroraa i waenganui i te pai, me te kino, me te piira ki te whakarerenga iho, me te hītori Kotimana. I roto i te pūrākau, whakaahua ana ia e rua teina, he nei pūāhua mahino whakatinana enei raruraru. Nga pakiaka o enei raruraru i tamata i te kaituhi ki te kitea te hohonu, timata mai i te huru motu, me te whakamutu ki te Puritanism o te whenua.

Robert Stevenson - te kaituhi ahurei nei te rongonui he tika e kore anake ki a ratou mahi, engari ano hoki tona haurongo. E ngā kaipānui tapatahi o tona huru, te itoito, me te whakaari o te whakarau.