HPP - he ... Shushenskaya HPP

HPP - he whare whakaturia i runga i te awa mo te whakaaro o te faafariuraa pūngao reira ki nāianei hiko. Ko tētahi o nga hanganga matua o te tipu te mana hurihiko i roto i nuinga o te wā ko te katua e poraka te teihana.

Nahea HPP

teihana mana hurihiko - he nui hoki te ōhanga o te ahanoa kāwanatanga reira tonu, i roto i era atu mea, he hoki he tohu o te ahumahi te ahunga whakamua. Ko, ahakoa te rahi, taua wāhi nui-tauine he parau tumu mahi ngā ohie.

I te tīmatanga, i tukua te wai ki te matatahi mīhini huri hiko hurihiko eke i roto i te ruma pūkaha. Kei te whakawhiti pūngao hurihuri whakamutunga ki te generators. tukua te hiko hangaia te ki te rārangi mana pūnaha i roto i te rohe.

Ko te pūtake o tetahi āhuatanga o te HPP ko, o te akoranga, tona kaha. Tenei take, i roto i te tahuri, tei runga i te maha o traversed roto i te mīhini huri hiko wai me tona pēhanga. Ko te atu te ahua muri, te teitei te teihana whaea.

momo o te tipu

Ko te kupu, HPP - he wāhi tauine nui e hanga ki runga ki te awa. I tēnei wā i roto i te ao i reira e rua anake ngā momo matua o te tipu kaha hurihiko:

• pāpuni;

• aukati.

I roto i te take whakamutunga, ki te whakaputa hiko mā te whakamahi i te pēhanga wai i roto i te tau mahani manga rerenga ranei. te nuinga i runga i te maunga e kore he whānui rawa awa ki ngā kaha aukati hanga HPP.

Elements mua hanga HPP

I tua atu ki te whaea, e te hanga te hanga o te tipu kaha hurihiko, me taua hanganga rite:

• powerhouse;
• kuwaha;
• sudopriemniki me arawhata ika;
• pūrere rere te wai;
• dispenser.

Kei te whare te whare mīhini HPP ki kapohau me generators.

He aha te mea teihana derivational

Tenei te tipu huringa - ko te ahanoa motuhake e te whakaturia tonu i runga i te raina ki te pari tenei. Te wai i roto i enei awa e rerengia ana i raro i te pēhanga kaha i roto i te ara tūturu, na ō kore he e tika ana te whaea i roto i tenei take. taka Rere i roto i taua HPS tika ki te whare matua ki te kapohau. Kei te nuinga o te wā hanga te awa ki, ko te rohe i roto i te nuinga o te wā he iti rawa. Faarii e tika ana i ngā tipu te mana hurihiko o tenei momo anake hoki te huri i te rere.

He aha HPS kei roto i Russia?

tipu te mana hurihiko hanga i roto i Russia, o te akoranga, he rota. Te nuinga o enei mahi mai nga wa Soviet. Te tipu huringa rawa tuatahi i hanga i runga i te rohe o to matou whenua, ka Zyryanskaya. Hanga tenei whare i roto i Tsarist Russia i 1892. Ko te teihana iti e whakarato hiko ki te waro toku pana wai toku rohe.

I roto i te wā Soviet tangohia te kāwanatanga i te GOERLO mahere ao 10-15 tau, mahara ai te whenua i ki te hanga i te teihana mana hurihiko ki te kaha katoa ki te 21.254 mano. L / s. Ki te rā, te otaota mana hurihiko tino nui i roto i te Russian Federation e:

• Sayano-Shushenskaya (Sayanogorsk) ki te kaha o 6.4 GV;
• Krasnoyarskaya (Divnogorsk) - 6 GV;
• Bratskaya (Bratsk) - 4,52 GV;
• UST-Ilminsky - 3,84 GV;
• Boguchinskaya (Kodinsk) - 3 GV;
• Zhigulevskaya - 2.4 TS;
• Bureyskaya - 2.01 GV;
• Cheboksarskaya (Novocheboksarsk) - 1.4 GV;
• Saratov (Balakovo) - 1.38 GV;
• Zeyskaya (Zea) - 1.33 GV;

Ano, he ahanoa feunga nui ko Nizhnekamskaya HPP (Naberezhnye Chelny). Ko te mana o tenei teihana ko 1.25 TS. Rangatira ko JSC "Kamupene Generation" me "Tatenergo". Hanga teihana i runga i te awa o kama.

Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP: Hītori

Ko tenei teihana mana hurihiko, i te mea wahi o te Niniiraa Yenisei, ko e tawhiti te nui rawa i roto i te whenua. Katoa tau hua reira he toharite o e pā ana ki 23.5 piriona kWh / h o te hiko. I hanga te whakatau i te Kawanatanga o te USSR i te hanga o te teihana mana Sayano-Shushenskaya i 1961. E mahi i runga i ka anga tona hanganga i roto i 1968. I te tau 1978, ki tonu te whaea Sayano-Shushenskaya i. Mana, oti te hanga o te teihana i anake i roto i te 2000.

Construction o teihana mana hurihiko haere tahi, kāore, tae atu katoa o te he. I roto i hanga rave rahi mau taime i huna spillway, ka whaea hanga e kapiti. I te pae hopea, Heoi, te whakawa i nga pūrongo o tau o mua, kua pai whakatau enei take katoa.

āhuatanga teihana

Kei teihana mana hurihiko Sayano-Shushenskaya tata te kainga o Cheryomushki tata Sayanogorsk i te awa Yenisei. I tēnei wā, he reira te nuinga kua whakatakotoria te whare ki te 10 waeine, ia mana o 640 MW. I roto i te mahi, i kāore, i reira e 8 anake wae. Kapohau i runga i tenei teihana whakaturia rawa kaha waitohu RO-230 / 833-0-677, mahi i roto i te matenga tauanga 194 mita. Ko te tiketike o te whaea HPP ko 245 m. Te rohe i hanga e te hanga o te teihana awa ko 621 km ^2.

I roto i te hanga o te tipu te mana i waipuke, he tapeke o 35.600 heketea o pāmu. I te wa ano i reira ki te kia hiki rite 2717 momo rerekē o ngā whare. ngā te wai i roto i te awa ki HPP he kounga pai, kia i te raro o te pāmu torutoru i muri motuhake i roto i te hanga o te taraute i whakaritea. Kei awa ki te Sayano-Shushenskaya teihana wā kotahi i roto i ngā rohe e toru: Khakassia, Tuva ko Krasnoyarsk Territory. I ona pareparenga, i roto i era atu mea, mahi me Sayano-Shushenskaya Kōhaumataora Reserve.

Te ati i Shushenskaya HPP 2009

I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau-tuatahi i te teihana mana hurihiko Sayano-Shushenskaya reira ko he aituā rawa nui, i patua 75 iwi. August 17, 2009 i roto i te whare mīhini huri hiko o te whare matua rite ki te hua o te kino ki te kōwae waipēhi o te tuarua i reira ko tetahi tukunga nui o te wai i te mīhini huri hiko. whawhati ringihia awa amo tīwae o te whare, a pakaru te taputapu tāuta i roto i te reira. Ka rite ki te hua o te tomo ki te wai i roto i te tahi mau generators hurihiko he i roto o te raupapa, me i te tahi atu, a ka ngaro katoa. pūnaha hangarau katoa kei raro 327, kua waipuke.

Faaore te pānga o te aituā te tīmatanga taruke te kaimahi teihana. He kaikirimana i muri wāhi. I te tata o raka waipēhi ka tango tohunga e pā ana ki 9 haora, me te 20 meneti. I mutu Water whiwhinga i roto i te ruma pūkaha. I roto i te whānui, ki te mahi te whakakore i te mau hopearaa o te aituā i tae e 2.7 mano. Tangata me mo 200 nga wahi o te taputapu. Hei ārai i te wai i tomo i te whare i ki te hanga i te hanga puhipuhinga, ko te roa katoa 9683 mita.