He aha te mea te noosphere? parau haapiiraa o Vernadsky o te noosphere

fakatahai e te parau haapiiraa o te noosphere tokomaha o nga paradigms huru i iti i roto i pekanga noa: rapunga whakaaro, ohaoha, te arowhenua. He aha te mea ahurei e pā ana ki tenei ariā?

Ko te kōrero o te wā

Ko te noosphere, tuatahi ka korerotia te ao i roto i tona pukapuka French mathematician Eduard Lerua i 1927. I roto i te tau i te torutoru noa i mua i tae ia rave rahi kauwhau o tu'u pūtaiao Russian Vladimira Ivanovicha Vernadskogo, mo raruraru i roto i te geochemistry (me biogeochemistry). Noosphere - he āhua motuhake o te ao koiora, i roto i nei takaro i te tūranga matua e te whakaaro tangata. Ko te tangata mā te whakamahi i te maramarama, e faatupu i te "natula tuarua" i roto i te tua ki te tetahi ngā.

Heoi, i te wa ano ko reira ano he wahi o te natura. Na reira, ko te noosphere - ko tonu te hua o te kukuwhatanga tango wahi kia rite ki te mekameka e whai ake nei: ko te whanaketanga o te ao - te ao koiora - te ahua o te tangata - ka, hopea, te putanga o te noosphere. I te wa ano, i te ariā o Vernadsky, mea nga kairangahau, i reira he kahore whakahoki mārama ki te pātai: "kē i te noosphere, ka tika puta reira ranei?" Pūtaiao i te wa ano fokotu'u e i te wa ka riro te reira i te mokopuna pakeke, te ngakau tangata, me te he pea ki te tupu me te whakakitea ratou tino tona auahatanga. A kia mau ai ki te tohu autaki o te putanga o te noosphere.

Vernadsky ariā

parau haapiiraa o Vernadsky o te noosphere, rite kaipūtaiao whakapono, i tika ïa ki te pae o "whanaketanga" ka riro noosphere te ao koiora. Vladimir Ivanovich, i roto i tona pukapuka "Scientific Thought rite te āhuatanga Planetary," ko e tohi e te whakawhitinga o te ao koiora ki te noosphere he taea, ka awe tenei tukanga e whakaaro pūtaiao.

I tua atu, mōhio nga kairangahau, i tāutuhia Vernadsky maha ngā tikanga mo te ahua o te noosphere. I roto ia ratou, mo te tauira, te whakataunga ki tonu o te iwi i runga i te ao (a kore noho noa i roto i tenei take, te wāhi mo te ao koiora). Ko hoki te reira i te whakapai ake o te utu kōrero me ngā mōhiohio i waenganui i te iwi i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te ao (me ko te whakawhetai ki te Internet kua i tenei). kia puta Noosphere ka te nuinga ka whakawhirinaki te arowhenua o te whenua i runga i te takitahi atu i runga i te natura.

kau muimui Concept pūtaiao

Scientists o ngā wāhi rerekē, te mohio ki nga akonaki o Vernadsky me ana muimuí e te noosphere, hanga he ariā torutoru, te whakawhanake i te mau marôraa mana'o taketake o kairangahau Russian. E ai ki te AD Ursula, hei tauira, te noosphere - ko te pūnaha i reira nga uara hinengaro morare e pā ana ki maramarama, ka whakaatu te tangata ano i roto i te mea o te matua. I roto i te noosphere e Ursula tangata ora i roto i te au i te natura, i roto i te aratau o te whai wāhitanga tahi i roto i te tukanga whanaketanga.

Ki te titau te parau haapiiraa o te noosphere Vernadsky ngaro maitai o te ao koiora, ka, rite tuhia e mataotao hou, te ariā o kaituhi o tenei ra ngā te whakaaro e te noosphere me ao koiora, te nuinga pea, ka tonu ki te tīariari i te wa ano. Ko tētahi o nga paearu taea hoki te aroaro o te noosphere - rite ki ngā pūkenga hou - kia ki te whakatutuki i te rohe o te whanaketanga tangata, te taumata mōrahi o te whakapai ake o ngā pūtahi pāpori, me te ōhanga. He he he nui o te teitei uara morare, me te ahurea.

noosphere Communication me te tangata

e pā ana te tangata me te noosphere te tino tika. he tika ki te mahi a te tangata i te reira me te arotahi puta tona ngakau noosphere (ta te haapiiraa tumu o Vernadsky e te e pā ana ki reira). He he he taitahi ngā i roto i te whanaketanga o te arowhenua o te ao. Te tangata, te hanga i tētahi taiao motuhake mo ratou, tango wahi o nga mahi ao koiora. Iwi whakakapi i te taiao, te tahi mea e te tīariari kē i roto i te natura, horihori. He he he taiao i reira te whakatangihanga a te wāhi nui e taputapu.

He whenua e whakamahi i te iwi o ngā momo rerekē o mihini whakahaere hoki. He reira pono ki te mea e te noosphere - te ao o te whakaaro tangata? He maha o te kairangahau whakapono e kore e whakawhirinaki tonu mahi a te tangata i runga i tona māramatanga o te āhua o te mahi te ao. ahu iwi ki te mahi, whakamātautau, hanga hape. Mind, ki te piri koutou ki tenei ariā, ka pea kia he take i roto i te whakapai ake i te hangarau rite taua, engari e kore te huru no te pānga tauwhiro i runga i te ao koiora i roto i te tikanga ki te tahuri i te reira ki te noosphere.

Anthroposphere ko Technosphere

Kei te tu'atiraa rahi te ariā o te noosphere i nga mahi o te tahi mau pūtaiao ki te atu ngā rua. Tuatahi, te reira "anthroposphere". E pā ana te ariā ki te tūranga me te wahi o te tangata, me te ona mahi i roto i te wāhi. Anthroposphere - he kohinga o ao rauemi o te ora o te ao, mo te whanaketanga o nei te tangata anake haepapa. Tuarua, ko reira te "technosphere". E rua ngā whakamārama o te ngako o te wā. Ko te tuatahi ko te e tenei āhuatanga - ko te take motuhake anthroposphere tikanga tenei.

Technosphere - he huinga o ngā wāhanga o te mahi a te tangata, whai wāhi nei i roto i te tikanga. Ka taea e te reira rite te ao ake, me te wāhi. E ai ki te rua o nga tikanga Technosphere - ko te wahi o te ao koiora, e rerekē e tika ana ki te tukanga o te ngā tangata. He he, rokohanga, he rōpū o pūtaiao e tautuhi technosphere me noosphere, me i reira he kairangahau i roto i te matauranga e Technosphere - takawaenga i waenganui i te ao koiora me te noosphere.

noosphere whakaaro

Āpiti atu ki te ariā o "noosphere" Ko te wā e pā ana ki te momo ngā o te whakaaro. puta ngā tata ia. Ko reira e pā ana ki whakaaro noosphere. te, kia rite ki te tahi mau kairangahau, Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e rave rahi ngā āhuatanga motuhake. Ko te nui tino o ratou - he nui rawa o te criticality. Next - ki te tangata tatūnga ā whakapai ake i te ao koiora, te hanganga o te taonga, te takoha ki tenei. He wāhanga nui o te whakaaro noosphere - te matua o te iwi whānui i runga i tūmataiti (rawa i roto i hei whakaoti rapanga pūtaiao). Tenei hiahia ki te whakaoti rerekē, me te kore faatiti'aifarohia e tetahi mahi. Ko tētahi atu wāhanga o te whakaaro noosphere - te hiahia ki te matau i te ngako o nga tukanga e puta i roto i te āhua me te hapori.

mātauranga noosphere

I roto i pūtaiao i reira ko te whakaaro i aro te kore tangata katoa ki te whakaaro i runga i te āhua o te noosphere. E kore te rota o te iwi, a i mohio he aha te noosphere. Heoi, e whakapono kairangahau, e taea te whakaakona te tangata te toi o te whanaketanga o tenei momo o te whakaaro. kia puta tenei i roto i te anga o te mātauranga noosphere pera-ka karanga. whakanohoia te arotahi matua o te whakangungu i runga i te kaha o te roro tangata.

E ai ki nga pūkenga o te mātauranga noosphere, me ako te iwi ki te whakaongaonga i te putanga o te wawata pai, hiahia hoki au i te taiao, te hiahia ki te matau i te ngako whāinga o te tukanga tango wahi i roto i te hapori. Ki te wawata pai, kia rite ki nga kaihanga o tenei ariā i whakapono ki te kawe i roto i te kaupapa here me te otinga o raruraru ohaoha, ka meinga tangata he taahiraa nui mua.

Ko te ariā o Teilhard de Chardin

I roto i tona pukapuka "te āhuatanga o te tangata," Kua hoatu te kaipūtaiao French Per Teyyar de Chardin mua e rave rahi ariā taumauri, e pa ana te āhuatanga o te noosphere. Te whakaahua ratou poto rite taea: kihai i te iwi tika whakahe o te kukuwhatanga, engari tona pūkaha. E ai ki ngā ariā o te pūtaiao, te puna matua o te whakaaro - ko reira he whakaata, kaha o te tangata ki te mohio ano. Theory o Teilhard de Chardin me Vernadsky o ariā fakatahai te whakapae o te ahua tangata. kaipūtaiao rua whakapono e te iwi he motuhake, me te rerekē i ētahi atu mea ora i runga i te papa whenua o tuakiri whaiaro mōhio-. Ko te tino rerekētanga i waenganui i mahara ki te noosphere rite ki Teilhard de Chardin he e mahi reira ki taua ariā rite "Superman" me "wāhi."

A, no te kia tahuri te ao koiora ki te noosphere

E āta hono ana te parau haapiiraa o te noosphere ki te ao koiora. Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, te whakawhitinga o tetahi ao ki te tahi atu e taea te tango i te wahi i roto i te aratau motuhake o te kukuwhatanga. E ai ki te whakamāramatanga rongonui o te ao koiora - ko te pūnaha e whakarato ana i te mahi faufaa o te ao. noho te reira i kaiao ora me pā ratou mahi te rerekē haere o te ngā āhuatanga me ngā matū. I roto i te akoranga o te kunenga tūturu o te ao koiora faaineine i te turanga mo te putanga o te ao tangata, kua ka iwi ki te whakamahi i kai, kohuke.

I roto i te akoranga o te whanaketanga, i roto i te tahuri, te ƒcivilisation≈ tangata, kua whiwhi ratou i nga taputapu i te tikanga o nei i te whai wāhi ki te whakaawe i te ao koiora. I roto i kaipūtaiao reira ko te putanga e ia kihai i nui tenei pānga - e kore ko te hiahia o te iwi neke atu i te 1% o te rauemi o te ao koiora. Ko te whakanui ake i ngā tau o te whakawhanake nehe: kua āta te ao koiora ngaro te kaha ki te whakarato i te tangata e tika ana katoa rawa. E fehangahangai iwi ki te hiahia ki te tiki te tahi mea e kore i taea e hoatu e ahau he ao koiora i runga i to ratou ake. A, no te e hei te nui o whai tikanga-whaiaro pērā e ka mutu te iwi ki te whakamahi i te rauemi o te ao koiora, katahi reira ka kia te noosphere.

Ko te uara o nga mau haapiiraa o te noosphere mō pūtaiao

Kei te tino tino pāngia e tokāteline o Vernadsky o te noosphere te whakawa o tukanga civilisation i te rangahau o ngā pūkete. E matau ana te mea te noosphere (ranei i te iti rawa mau mai i ahau ki te matauranga ka tenei āhuatanga), he kaipūtaiao hou i te tikanga o te taputapu tino e taea ki a koe te hanga tauira o te ao i roto i te heke mai. Te tahi mea rite tenei i taea e Vernadsky mau matapae i te putanga o te Internet, me etahi whakatutukitanga pāpori-ōhanga. Ko te ariā o te noosphere o te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20, homai kaipūtaiao hou te kī ki he mahara ki te kukuwhatanga. i kē nga tohu whakatūpato tuatahi o ahua taea o te noosphere i runga i te whenua i roto i te Paleolithic me Mesolithic. Mai reira, te mahi a te tangata e pā ana ki te pānga i runga i te ao koiora, anake nui haere. He kaha whanaketanga ki te hurihanga o te noosphere ao koiora ko te Revolution Industrial i roto i te rau tau 19, i tenei ra i te take mana iti ko te Internet. Ko taea e te tatari te taata mō tikanga atu mātanga o te kōrero, me te hangarau.