He aha e te m-holinoblokatory?

M-holinoblokatory - drugs nui mohiotia. Ēnei āpiha atropinopodobnye ārai te mahi o te pūnaha io parasympathetic, tona pānga i runga i whēkau o te tinana, me te repe. I tua atu, whakaahua ana te tuhinga i te pānga o te m-anticholinergics, ratou faufaa i roto i te rongoa, i te mahi, me te whakamahi o ēnei taero.

whakarōpū

M-holinoblokatory wehea ki ngā rōpū matua e toru:

1. Tikanga "Atropine" me "Scopolamine," e he pāhare tūturu.
2. Ratou pārōnaki semisynthetic he nga rerekētanga i te rauemi tīmatanga, arā, i roto i ngā āhuatanga pharmacokinetic.
3. pūhui waihanga e kia riro selectivity whanaunga ki ētahi atu momoroto o receptors m-cholinergic.

āhuatanga

Tikanga "Atropine", rite ki te tarukino tohutoro, ka taea e whai i te pānga whakaongaonga i runga i te mahi o te pūnaha io pokapū. Medicament "Scopolamine" ano he āhuatanga whakarokiroki, me te whakamahia i roto i disorders o kiwi e, whanoke me te tahi atu disorders vestibular. Roto i roto i te papa "Aeron" rite taonga kaha, te pūhui whakamahia mo te ārai o te seasickness.

Ko te mahi o te m-holinoblokatorov "Atropine" me "Scopolamine" rerekē. Nuinga mārama kitea nga rerekētanga ki pānga i runga i te pūnaha io pokapū. Tikanga "Scopolamine", pērā i te tarukino "atropine", te mea he mana korerotia o te huru pokapū noa i roto i pota iti. Ko e tika ana ki te uruhanga rerekē o te arai toto roro tenei. Ko roto i takoto te take e Mr. holinoblokatory kei roto atropine, whakamahia atu maha tenei.

O Ko nga pärönaki semisynthetic o pāhare tūturu nga tikanga tino nui "Homatropine" me "Tropikamid" me "pākawa methylatropine", "Ipratropium pūkeha" me "pūkeha Tiotropium". e kore e taea e ki te tomo i te arai toto-roro enei rongoa katoa. Na roto i te pūhui waihanga kia ngā te rōpū tuatoru o te m-holinoblokatory pērā i te tikanga o "Pirenzepine" (tohua hoki te mate ulcerative) me "Tolterodine" (taikaha tūtohutia).

tono

M-Anticholinergics (te huarahi o te mahi o etahi o ratou e kia whakaahuatia i raro) e whakamahia i roto i antispasmodics kounga ngā momo o te colic (whatukuhu, ate, intestinal) whakaritea ka bronchospasm, te whakaiti i te auau o contractions i roto i te ngakau. Rongoā tūtohutia hoki whakamātautau o te fundus, therapy iritis me iridocyclitis, raruraru o te marae-ventricular kawenga.

Ko te mahi o te raveraa ra m-cholinergic, i roto i era atu mea, e whakakitea i roto i te whakangā o te uaua maeneene pekitīlia me intestinal, te whakaiti i te secretion o repe kūnatunga. Ka taea te whakamahi mihi ki tenei tikanga i roto i te maimoatanga o keha i roto i te kopu, me te duodenum. Kei te whakamahia hoki Drugs rite antidoda holinomimetricheskimi haurangi me wāhanga anticholinesterase.

Pānga tikanga "Atropine" CNS

I roto i te pota āhua, e kėia 0.5-1 mg, ka taea e te tarukino rawaka anake ki te whakapiki ake i te oro parasympathetic. puta tenei rite ki te hua o te excitation o te pokapū i roto i te oblongata medulla me ona tari overlying. Na roto i te whakanui ake i te inenga te manawanui he āhua fiefia, whakakitea nei e manukanuka, takotoranga mate, moemoea. Tino hua pota nui pānga inhibitory kia whakawhanake pōroa me pāpāngia, kore Cardiovascular.

Pānga tikanga "Scopolamine" CNS

taea ki te faaitoito i te pānga inhibitory i runga i te mahi o te pūnaha io tenei tarukino ko. faaite te reira ano i roto i te momoe, rohirohi, whakaiti i te rahi o te REM moe, mate wareware. Nā ki te kaha ki te kaha ai euphoria i roto i te tahi mau tūroro e kino i te tikanga, i reira te mea he whakawhirinaki. No te mea o te pānga whakarokiroki o te tarukino "Scopolamine" kotahi te wā e whakamahi mō te rehunga whānui. Heoi i muri i whakakitea mai ai, e i roto i te mamae nui ko reira, e nehenehe, ara i roto i meinga pota whakaora manukanuka, moemoea me te rōpū. Acting i runga i te uho kaka, ārai te tarukino nekehanga mate.

Mana o "Atropine" i runga i te pūnaha Cardiovascular

Ko te pānga matua o te tarukino ko ki te huri i te auautanga o contractions i roto i te ngakau. Tikanga nehenehe o te whakaputa tachycardia korerotia. Heoi i pota kore rawa whakaaetia, puta poto auau ngakau whakaiti me te e kore e meinga te huringa i roto i te pēhanga toto. I mua i riro i te reira e tenei pānga ko e tika ana ki te whakaongaonga o te pokapū o te raru vagus. Otiia tahuri te reira i roto e nohoia te taonga taua e Mr. holinoblokatory kore e e ô i te arai toto-roro. Tikanga "Atropine" ahei o te ārai bradycardia, meinga nei e hākawa o Matuorakouawai me acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, hopu cardiac ki whakaongaonga hiko o te raru vagus.

Ko te mana o te tarukino "Scopolamine" i runga i te pūnaha Cardiovascular

I roto i te pota iti, he 0.1-0.2 mg, meinga te tarukino he hekenga nui i roto i auau ngakau. I muri te whakanui ake i te inenga te tuatahi kite tachycardia, e tango te hawhe haora, e whakakapi e te bradycardia ranei. Ko tētahi atu kua roa Belladonna pāhare, a tohu atu m-holinoblokatory mo te maimoatanga o te mate o Parkinson. He pai ngā hua tutuki ka whakamahia i roto i ngā ki te tarukino "Levodopa". M-holinoblokatory kitea ratou tono i roto i disorders o extrapyramidal āhua, e kua meinga e taero ähotea.