Anna Pavlova: haurongo, me te whakaahua. Ko te hītekiteki nui Russian

Ko te hītekiteki nui Russian Anna Pavlova whanau i 12 February 1881 i roto i St Petersburg. Ko poriro te kotiro, mahi tona whaea rite te pononga i te tuaana pai-mohiotia Lazar Polyakov, kua whakaaro ia te papa o te tamaiti. Financier ia tetahi whai wāhi i roto i tona whanau kihai i mohio ki, engari kihai i mahara ki te meka i tuhia i te kotiro rite Anna Lazarevna.

mahue home Mother Anna Polyakova ki te tamaiti, a noho i roto i nga wahi o waho ake o St Petersburg. tupu te kotiro ki runga, ka whakawhanakehia i raro i te mātakitaki o tona whaea, ko wai tamata pakeke ki te faatupu i roto i tana tamahine i te aroha o te toi.

Creative haurongo Anny Pavlovoy

Kotahi ra i tangohia e toku whaea Anna ki te Mariinsky Theatre. Hoatu te "moe Ataahua" Petra Ilicha Chaykovskogo. Ki te oro tuatahi o te upaupa mariri Anya. Na ka titiro matatau atu ia ori, te aho pau, ngaueue ana tona ngakau ki te oaoa, rite te pa o te ataahua.

I roto i te rua o nga mahi, tamaroa e tamahine i runga i atamira kanikani i te waltz.

- e hiahia ana koe ki te kanikani? - ka mea te whaea o Anna i roto i te pariratanga, kōrero ki te himene kanikani.

- No ... e hiahia ana ahau ki te kanikani rite i te ataahua moe ..., - ka mea te kotiro.

I muri i te haerenga ki te wahi tino mīharo i huaina te Mariinsky Theatre Anna timata ki te moemoea e pā ana ki ori. inaianei, ki te kotiro i te ata ra ano te po kanikani i mua o te whakaata te kōrero katoa i roto i te whare i anake i runga i toi nekehanga, a haere ana ki te tiki i ki te whakaaro o te hītekiteki ake. E kore te te mahi parekareka titiro rite te tamaiti, ka kanikani te wahi o tona ora.

Te whaea, te kitenga tenei, ka mau Anna ki te kura hītekiteki. I taua wa, ko papaki E waru nga tau o te kotiro. i tohutohu kaiako ki te haere mai i roto i rua tau, i te fakatokanga'i te kaha undoubted o Ani. I roto i te 1891, i uru te kaikanikani heke mai ki te St Petersburg Academy o Theatre Arts i te tari hītekiteki.

kakahu Ako he pūāhua Spartan, i subordinated mea katoa ki te ako tino, roa mahi hoki e waru haora i te ra. Otiia i roto i te 1898, puta Anna i kāreti ki te honore. mahi whakamutunga i huaina "dryads Imaginary" reira kotiro kanikani Party kaiwhakainu tamahine.

ka mau tonu Anna i te Mariinsky Theatre. Tona tuatahi i roto i te hītekiteki "He maumau whakatupatotanga" i roto i te pa de trois (toru kanikani). E rua tau i muri mai, Anna Pavlova kanikani te tūranga ārahi i roto i te whakatakoto ki te waiata e Cesare Pugni "tamahine a te Parao." Na ka tīmata te kanikani mahi rite Nikia i "La Bayadere", i hoatu ano Marius Petipa, te patereareha o te hītekiteki Russian. I roto i te 1903, mahi kē Pavlov i te tūranga matua i roto i te hītekiteki "Giselle".

whanaketanga

I roto i te 1906, i whakaritea Anna i te kaikanikani ārahi o te Ballet Kirov. anga te reira i roto i tuatahi, te mahi o te rapu auaha mō ngā puka hou. hiahiatia ori Russian whakahōunga, a i taea ki te hanga i ngā whakaahua maha i roto i te wairua o to tatou wa, mahi ki kaiwhakaara Aleksandrom Gorskim hou nei manawanuitia ki ha'uti o te wahi Pauline, a ko te kaitautoko pūmau o te ati i roto i te kanikani.

Anna Pavlova ko Mikhail Fokin

I roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 20 ko ori Russian raro i te mana o ngā reformist. Ko tētahi o nga kaitautoko tino te kahui ka o te huringa tuwhena i roto i te toi o te hītekiteki ko te kaiwhakaara Mikhail Fokin. kihai ia i te wehenga tuku iho o te ha'uti kanikani. He ahanoa atu o te reforomatio Fokine ko te whakakāhoretanga o te whakamahi o ngā puka preprinted i ori, nekehanga me ngā. whakaekea e ia hangatanga i kanikani kia rite ki te turanga o te ori katoa.

hanga Anna Pavlova te kaiwhakaari tuatahi o te rōpū nui i roto i te whakaputanga o Mihaila Fokina. Ko te "pō Ihipiana", "Berenice," "Les Sylphides", "waina", "Eunice," "Le Pavillon d'Armide". Ko te hua matua o te mahi tahi, ko te hītekiteki "te mate ka Swan" ki te waiata e Saint-Saëns, i meake ki riro tetahi o nga tohu o te ori Russian o te rau tau 20. He mea paihere te hītori o te hītekiteki Pavlova ki tenei faahiahia o Choreography. scene Ballet o te wani mate ohorere te ao.

I roto i te Hakihea 1907 i te konohete aroha i mahi Anna Pavlova te "mate ka Swan". Composer Camille Saint-Saëns, ko wai i reira i te wa ano, i ohorere e te tikanga o tona waiata, ka whakahuatia faahiahia hohonu mō Miniatures mahi pūmanawa. Ia fakafo'ituitui Ua haamauruuru hītekiteki mo te pai, i runga i maira i te turi, ka mea, "Ngā mihi ki a koutou, ka mohio ahau e i taea e ki te tuhituhi waiata ataahua ahau."

Kua tamata te hītekiteki pai i runga i fenua katoa ki te mahi i te iti hītekiteki rongonui. I muri Anna Pavlova tino i muri Maya Plisetskaya.

tour ke

I roto i te 1907, ka haere te Imperial Mariinsky Theatre ki waho. tū mahi i roto i Stockholm. Aita i maoro roa i muri i tona hokinga mai ki a Russia Anna Pavlova, te hītekiteki o te ingoa ao, mahue te whare tapere taketake, tukua nui i roto i tenei rauemi, rite i reira ki te utu i te utu nui mo te kore o te kirimana. Heoi, e kore tenei i mutu i te kanikani.

ora whaiaro

haere Anna Pavlova, te hītekiteki me ngā mahere auaha whānui, ki Paris, i reira tīmata ia ki te whai wāhi i roto i "Seasons Russian" a hohoro riro te whetu o te kaupapa. Na ka tutaki ia Victor Dandre, he kaiarahi nui o te toi o te hītekiteki, nei ka mau tonu te pumau o Anna maunu atu tona fare i roto i te wahi o waho ake Paris, piha kanikani rawa. Heoi, utu reira tino utu, a ka maumauria Dandre moni tūmatanui, hoki i hopukina e ia, ka hoatu ki runga ki te tamataraa.

Na ka mutu Pavlova Anna Pavlovna rawa utu, engari te kirimana herea ia ki te London ti'amâraa "Braff", i raro i nei i te reira ki te mahi i nga ra, e rua he ra. Ua tauturu te moni ki te whakaora Victor Dandre i te whare herehere, rite i tineia tona nama. marena te hunga i aroha i roto i te hahi Paris Siu.

Wāna i roto i te ora o te hītekiteki

I muri Pavlov wāhanga mahi i raro i te kirimana ki "Braff" ti'amâraa, hanga ana e ia a ia ake kamupene ori, ka timata ki te korero ki te whakamanamana i roto i France me te UK. Mutu noho ki te ti'amâraa, Anna Pavlova, nei whaiaro ora kua whakaritea, noho ia ki a Dandre i London. Ratou home ko te Whare Ivy ko te fare ki te harotoroto tata, i reira noho nga wāna ma ataahua. Mai i tenei i runga i te ora i te tühonohono te Anny Pavlovoy ki tenei whare whakamiharo, me manu rangatira. kitea e hītekiteki whakamarie korero ki wāna.

mahi anō

Pavlova Anna Pavlovna, āhua he kaha, atawhai mahere mo tona whanaketanga auaha. Tana tane, Waimarie, ohorere kitea te kaha ki taumautia i roto i te whakaputa, me te whakatairanga i te umanga o tana wahine. riro ia te kaiwhakahaere e pā ana Anny Pavlovoy, me he kanikani nui taea kore manukanuka ratou heke mai, i te reira i roto i te ringa pai.

I te tau 1913 me te 1914 i mahi te kaikanikani i Moscow ko St. Petersburg, tae atu i te Mariinsky Theatre, te wahi ia o muri kanikani Nikia. I roto i Moscow, ka haere mai Anna Pavlova i runga i te scene i roto i te kari Mirror Theatre "Hermitage". I muri i tenei whakaaturanga, ka haere ia i runga i te haerenga roa o Europe. Na ka aru maha marama o hāereere i roto i te United States, Brazil, Chile me Argentina. Na, i muri i te whati poto, whakaritea Dandre he haerenga o Ahitereiria me whenua Āhia.

Ko te hiahia mo te whakahou

Hoki i roto i nga tau wawe o te Mariinsky Theatre, i muri i te mutunga o te kura, ua Anna Pavlova te pea ki te huri i te kēnana whakapumautia i roto i te hītekiteki toi. Young kaikanikani faaruru i te hiahia whakapeka mō te huringa. whakaaro ia e taea te whakawhānui i te Choreography me taonga e puka hou. E au ra ahua tawhito Classics o te momo, tono i te whakamohoa tuwhena.

E korero ana tona wahi i roto i "whakatupatotanga maumau", fokotu'u Pavlov Marius Petipa ki te hanga i te taahiraa orurehau, me whakakapi e te pito crinoline pito poto ki te koti roa tika, ūkuia te rongonui Mariyu Taloni, te māngai o te hītekiteki o te Era Romantic, i tapa te tutu me te Pointe hu, me ka whakarerea i roto i te manakohia o te pito poto hinga kakahu.

whakarongo Kaiwhakarite kanikani Petipa ki te whakaaro o Anna, taka ana e ia, a ka whanga ana Marius te kanikani i timata ki te mutunga. I muri i taua, Tutu ka te huanga o ngā pērā i "Swan Lake", kei hea he tika hoki te whakanoho i te kāhua he pito poto. He tokomaha whakaaro te whakataki o te koti rite te momo taketake o te ori kakahu he takahi o nga kēnana, engari i muri mai ngā otiia roa e rerengia ana kakahu hītekiteki i te toi o kākahu ori rite te wahi e tika ana o te mahi.

Creativity me te totohe

Anna Pavlova ia ka karanga iho te pionie me reforomatio. ko ia whakakake i taea ki te whakarere i te "poroporoaki-poroporoaki" (remu crinoline,), a ka taka atu tika ia. i ia ki te totohe ki nga kaiwhakawa o te ori tuku iho, me te whakamatau i kore ko Tutu mo mahi katoa. A kia tīpakohia e kākahu tapere i roto i te runga i te mea kei te tupu i runga i te atamira, nui atu i roto i manakohia o te kēnana puāwaitanga.

tohe Hoariri o Paora e tuwhera nga waewae - he matua he whakaaturanga o te toi o te kanikani. whakaae Anna, engari faaite hoki herekore nui i roto i te pai rawa o te kākahu. Ua ite ia e crinoline hei roa huanga mātauranga, me te tino kore e whai ki te mahi auaha. kua ture ōkawa e rua taha, engari faaoti te kupu whakamutunga ki te waiho mo te iwi whānui.

i pouri Anna Pavlova anake hapa tetahi he kakahu roa - koti tangohia hītekiteki "porhlivosti". ka puta mai i taua kupu ake ki ia, te auraa te wā e taiepa pinea iho te nekehanga rere o te tinana, kaua, huna ratou te rere iho ranei. Otiia ka kua ako Anna ki te whakamahi i tēnei koha. Hītekiteki patua ana ki te hoa, ki te maka i te reira i te iti teitei atu i mua, a hinga katoa ki wahi. I roto i te kanikani i reira ko te haere noa e hiahiatia o te kaupapa, me te aroha noa.

Serge Lifar: ongo

"E kore i kite ahau i taua he hanga noa hanahana, airiness weightless me nekehanga na ataahua." Heoi tuhituhia ana e ahau te kaiwhakaara nui rawa French Serge Lifar i runga i tona hui ki te hītekiteki Russian ngaua ake Pavlovoy.

"Mai i te momeniti tuatahi i hinga ai i te āhua whakairo, kanikani ia, me pehea ki te manawa ngāwari me fakanatula. Kahore he kahore hiahia ki te whakatika i fuete hīteki, tinihanga virtuoso. Anake te ataahua tūturu o te kaupapa tinana maori, me te otinga, airiness ..."

"Kite ahau i roto i a Paora e kore te he kaikanikani, me kanikani poto. Whakaarahia ahau ia i te whenua ki runga, e kore i taea e ahau te korero te aromatawai ranei. Kāore kore kua, e kore e taea e ratou he atua."

Touring me tatauranga

Anna Pavlova i kaha te ora hāereere mō te 22 tau. I roto i tenei wā ka mau ia wahi i roto i mahi o iwa mano, e rua hautoru o e kua haere mai te mahi o te tūranga matua. Moving i pa ki te pa, hītekiteki hinga kahore iti iho i te 500 mano kiromita i te tereina. ariki Italian o te tiaa Tuituia ana hoki Anna Pavlova rua mano o hu Pointe ia tau takirua.

I roto i te i waenganui i te rota o haerenga hītekiteki takoto ki tana tane i roto i tona whare, i roto i wāna ringa, i roto i te atarangi o te rakau, e tata ana te harotoroto tonu ma. I roto i tetahi taua haerenga karangatia Dandre photographer rongonui Lafayette, nei i hanga i te raupapa o ngā pikitia Anny Pavlovoy me tona wani aroha. I teie mahana, e mohio a enei whakaahua kia rite ki te mahara o te hītekiteki nui o te rau tau 20.

I roto i Ahitereiria, i roto i te honore o te hītekiteki Russian haere mai ake Anna Pavlova ki te kai reka "Pavlova" o hua tāwāhi ki te tua o te meringue. E te ara, e mea Aotearoa e kua hanga e ratou i tenei whāki Fruity.

Kia kanikani Anna Pavlova runga i te atamira rongonui kanikani iwi Mexican "Tapati Kharab," e te tikanga "kanikani ki te pōtae," i roto i tona tikanga. Mekisikoú kaikanikani tākare me te maka te pōtae scene katoa. A i roto i te 1924, i whakaatu te kanikani i te kanikani motu o te Mexican Republic.

I roto i Haina, ohorere Anna Pavlova te whakarongo, kanikani mutu-kore 37 fuete i runga i te turanga iti, tāuta i runga i te hoki o te arewhana, e haere i runga i te mara.

Kua tupu kaiahuwhenua Tatimana he momo motuhake o te tulip tae ma, i riro te ingoa o te hītekiteki nui Anna Pavlova. puawai i ahuareka ai i runga i pūhihi kakau, rite tohu reira te aroha noa.

I roto i London, hanga he maha o urupa rerekē whakatapua ki te hītekiteki. no Ia o ratou ki te wā ngā o tona ora. E toru o te pou tāuta tata te whare Ivy Whare i roto i nei kua nuinga o tona ora i ora Pavlov.

Kei te he te faarahiraa faahiahia, i mahi ia Anna i te aroha, whakatuwheratia e rave rahi orphanages me dosshouses mō ngā tamariki manene. Girls me mau tamaroa o te manuhiri enei pūtahi ki te kaha ki te kanikani, i tīpakohia, ka tonoa ki te kanikani a nga tamariki kura, tuwhera whare Ivy Whare.

Wehea aroha mahi Anna Pavlova ko tona te tauturu matekai i roto i te rohe Täingäwai. I tua atu, i tona tono tonoa wā pūhera ki te kura hītekiteki St Petersburg.

Ko te mate o te kaikanikani nui

mate Anna Pavlova o hota January 23, 1931 i roto i te Hague, i roto i te tour. Hītekiteki i runga i te whakatakanga matao i roto i te ruma makariri. Ona pungarehu i roto i te columbarium ko "Golders Green", i roto i London. Kei te urn te muri ki te toenga o tana tane Victor Dandre.

Te kiriata, hanga i roto i te mahara Anny Pavlovoy

kitea Life me whakarau o te hītekiteki ao-rongonui i roto i te kiriata pouaka whakaata o te rima tū hōtuhi Emile Lotyanu.

hītori Film parau te ora poto engari ohipa te hītekiteki nui me te tangata pai , ko Anna Pavlova. 1983, te wa raupapa putanga ki te mata, ko te tau o 102 tau o te whanau o te kanikani. Te kiriata whai wāhi te rota o pūāhua, me te tūranga o Paora waiata kaitapere wahine Galina Belyaeva.