Āna - he aha te mea tenei? Hangarau me ngā puka o āna

Āna - Ko ha konga o te ora tōrangapū me te ōhanga hou. He aha e ona take, āhuatanga me te hopearaa kōrero i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Ko te ariā o te āna

Ko te āna wā - te tono i te ariā Ingarihi. e te reira i tona ingoa i te tomokanga o te whare - tomokanga, a te tikanga tikanga "tomokanga". Ko tae mai te wahi tōrangapū ki whakapā ki tangata ke, ka taea e koe te kite e pā ana ki o koutou ngākau nuitanga, me te kitea tauhou. I roto i te pūnaha tōrangapū i āna i matau ngā tikanga o te mahi o mema Pāremata ki te tirohanga ki te whakatamarikitanga makanga o te ture e tika ana ranei.

I roto i te tikanga whānui o te kaupapa mohiotia Chartists (kaimahi, tautoko te whakatamarikitanga o te Tūtohinga) e taea hoki te huaina i roto i Ingarangi āna, engari ki anake te rerekētanga e kore he anake noa engari painga ano hoki te pēhanga ture i runga i te mana māngai o te whakaaro tūmatanui. Kia aroha mai, te puka rerekē o āna tupu i roto i te ao hou, e kia whakaahuatia rite kino, me te taihara taea. Haunga āna kua tino whakawhānui tona mara o ngā mahi ki te whakauru i roto i te hōkai o te ngākau nuitanga o ngā māngai o rua te whakahaere me te rāngai ture.

Ko te take mō te āna

Whakatairanga me te tiaki o nga ngākau nuitanga o etahi rōpū ōhanga i roto i te Paremete e tika ana ki te meka i te faarava'iraa nui haere ki runga ki te kāwanatanga whakatau-hanga, ngā whanaketanga, me te tautoko i te hunga tahi atu hinonga ranei i roto i te ōhanga.

Āna - e kore te mea he āhuatanga hou tenei. Kei te mohiotia te reira e tupu te reira i roto i Ingarangi e rave rahi mau tenetere i ma'iri. I teie mahana, i roto i te whenua maha - ko reira he mahi tika, whai wāhi nei i roto i rua ngaio kotahi, me te kamupene katoa. Ratou tukinotia te rōpū o kaipakihi e farii i tohutohu, me te whakatū i whanaunga ki ngā māngai o te whakahaere me te manga-ture.

āna tika

Ka taea te wehea ngā tikanga āna ki ngā rōpū nui e rua. Ko te tuatahi ko te ara tika o te tiaki ngā pānga ōhanga i roto i tika, hononga whaiaro ki kaitōrangapū. E nehenehe te reira hui whaiaro ranei te toro umanga kaitōrangapū, pareparenga, whakaaturanga, hanga, whakahaere o ngā hui pakihi, rururaa, hui o nga mea katoa.

kawea āna Direct te roto i roto i te tuku o etahi mōhiohio e me whakapati legislators ki te whakaaetanga pato'iraa ranei o te tika ture mahi, whakamātautau, me te rangahau. I roto i tenei take, te mahi matua - ki te whakapati kaitōrangapū i roto i te rōpū ki te awhina o ngā tohenga taumaha, me te whiwhi ratou tautoko i roto i te puka o etahi whakatau kāwanatanga, me te ara kaupapa here.

momo autaki o āna

Roto i te rerekē ki āna tika, puta autaki autaki, faka'ehi'ehi mei whakapā whaiaro ki te kaitōrangapū tika. Hoki te tikanga kia tona whakatinanatanga kahore iti ngaio, te tātaritanga o te āhuatanga tōrangapū, me te ōhanga. Ko te takawaenga tuatahi i roto i tenei ahua o te mahi, o te akoranga, te press. No miharo huaina te pāpāho ko te wha o nga peka o te kāwanatanga. Tohatoha o ngā mōhiohio i roto i te ara tika i roto i te pāpāho papatipu pā matua i runga i whakaaro tūmatanui, me te hanga mahara tūmatanui. Heoi i reira ko te hua maha i roto i te pēhanga ki runga i ngā kaitōrangapū ki te whakatutuki i te hua e tūmanakohia ana. puta tenei autaki, kahore pēhanga tika whakapono whaiaro ranei. āna ritenga - tenei rapu mō hoa e te hunga hoki hiahia i roto i te putanga o te take, me te kia āwhina i roto i te kanohi o ngā ngākau nuitanga noa, te hanga whakahaere pāpori, me ētahi atu I roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru, whakaaro āna te rite te wahi tika o te hapori ā-e tiaki te anaanatae o te taata ki te kāwanatanga, me te rapu .. tuuraa ra tata.

āna atarangi

āhuatanga katoa o te runga ake te i te āhua, i te tikanga o nei te tika, mana e te āna kāwanatanga. Ko te mo'oni ki ai kua houhia te Kamupene, a tae noa ako i reira ki te hanga i te moni tenei.

Ko reira he tikanga e hāngai ana i runga i te whakamahi o ngā tikanga taihara. Whānui e korero ana, kua karangatia e ratou atarangi. Ko ētahi o ēnei tāwai, tuma, te pēhanga me, o te akoranga, te pirau. Ka taea te faaoti te reira e hanga te lobbyism ritenga kei i runga i te kaha o te taparuraa, me te atarangi i runga i tųkinotanga painga ranei. Takekore ki fakamanatu e rāhuitia te muri e te ture. I roto i te ora tūturu, kia Heoi pakeke kite te wahi i te aho i waenganui i hara me te āna tika. Hei tauira, i roto i te tahi mau āhua o Amerika Te Tai Tokerau, lobbyists me mana rēhita ratou titauraa tōrangapū. Tenei mārama taea ki a koe te whakahaere i nga ara taea o te faaohiparaa i te pēhanga ki runga i hoariri tōrangapū.

Case "Lockheed"

Case "Lockheed" Ko tetahi o nga take tino nui-kōtaha tata, e whakaatu ana pēhea te te āna ture. He aha te mea te reira? Tenei take e pā ana ki te hoko o kaipuke kāwanatanga Japanese o te u American "Lockheed". E tino iho ki Pākehā tawhā Hangarau me ngā tawhā haumaru, engari ko o ratou utu taumata "Pākehā". He aha i kua haere nga Japanese ki te taua mahi kino? I roto i te 1976 ka meka mohiotia whakaatu ia te utu whakapati nui ki te mana i roto i Tapone, i kauwhautia ai i te moni o e rua miriona tāra. hoatu te kupu o te pirau i mua i te Pirimia o Hapani Tanaka Whenua. I whakaharaina ia i roto i 1983, engari i wero tonu ia te hē. roa te tukanga katoa, taea noatia te mate o te parenga, i ko, tae noa ki te tīmatanga o 90-doma o te rau tau whakamutunga. Te nuinga o ngā Ko e Tanaka roa i muri i te utu whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi tōrangapū. Ko tenei raruraru he tauira o te whakamahi o te encyclopaedic mahi āna kouru nui i roto i te taumata teitei o te kaha.

PR

Ko tētahi wāhanga o te PR-mahi he kawenga e kore anake hoki kōrero ki te hapori i roto i te tikanga whānui, engari ano hoki mo te whakatū o whanaunga ki nga mana i ngā taumata me peka o te kāwanatanga. Taua mahi o pera-ka karanga GR-kaiwhakahaere rite ki āna. whakarite ratou hui ki āpiha a te kāwanatanga, whakarato image pāpori o ngā kaupapa pakihi o ngā kamupene. A, o te akoranga, whai wāhi i roto i kaupapa pōtitanga, pao mahere hao mō te tahi wā roa-ki te kaitōrangapū. timata maha kamupene nui Russian mai nga waenganui-90 ki te whakarite i taua tari i roto i o ratou kamupene. I roto i te tahi mau whenua Pākehā, e kore e te wā "lobbyist" whakamahia hoki o te 'uhinga kovi o perception tūmatanui. i reira ano he he rerekētanga i roto i te tangata PR me lobbyist.

Ko te rerekētanga i roto i te mahi o lobbyists me GR-kaiwhakahaere

Lobbyist i roto i te ao hou - he "artist free". I roto i tenei e rere ke ia i te GR-kaiwhakahaere, mahi i runga i te kamupene motuhake, me te kia utua. Ko nui teitei tona utu, kia rite te mea he ahua o te utu he ōrau o te whakawhitinga mutu ranei. Ka taea e te lobbyist te mahi ki te maha kiritaki, e kōwhiria e iho ka tiaki kaiwhakahaere nga ngākau nuitanga anake o tona pakanga. Ko te rerekētanga tino nui i te tikanga lobbyist e pā ana me rite ko te tae tōrangapū o ratou mahi. Kei te kawea hoki te iwi PR i roto i te mahi ōhanga wahi tuatahi.

etahi whakatau

Āna - Ko te ariā whanui, kite nei i tenei ra kei te rite te tikanga tōrangapū, ko tona mahi, ko te ki te whakatū i te hononga o etahi hanganga pakihi ki te mana i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatairanga me te tiaki i nga ngākau nuitanga o ngā rōpū ōhanga.

He rite ki te maha ngaio hou pērā i mātanga mō whanaunga kāwanatanga kaiwhakahaere whanaunga tūmatanui ranei āna. Ko te aha i reira he whakama e pā ana ki te ihirangi o tenei wā. Ko te townsfolk ite i te reira rite akiaki, te tahi mea rite ki te mahi o te rōia. Ētahi tohunga te wehe tenei momo o te mahi kia rite ki tetahi o te tari hangarau o Relations Public (PR). Heoi, whakaae te nuinga o ngā kairangahau i runga i te pau o tāwharau i rite te mahi motuhake, rawa i roto i te ōhanga mākete me te moni. pakihi Big me kamupene paanga i roto i te haamauraa i here ki kaitōrangapū, rite te muri ki a ratou.

Hei whakarāpopoto: te tomokanga - he aha te mea te reira? Whaihua, e rua-ara waka ki tetahi ki tetahi. Lobbyists anake hei takawaenga, te hunga e tauturu i ki te kitea whenua noa, me te whakatū i ngā hoapā.