Waitohu o te sima: pehea whakatere ratou

I roto i te whakaaro he taua mea rite te sima waitohu, e hiahia ana koe ki te arotahi ki runga i nga ture ōkawa, i roto i nei ko te GOST30515-97 e tuwhaina e tima motuhake katoa me tivira. kia whai ranunga Cementitious turanga rerekē (ferrite, konupūmā aluminate Portland sima clinker ranei) me te roto i ngā tāpiringa kohuke.

Hoki utu te tuhituhi ko e rerekē rama i taumata rerekē o te sima kaha shock, auau haamărôraa rerekē (me te tikanga-bystrotverdeyushchie), rerekē ngā wā tautuhinga - i reira ko te ranunga e timata ki te whakapakeke i iti iho i te 45 meneti, me te reira medlennoskhvatyvayuschiesya (i runga i te 2 haora).

Me te whakatau i ia waitohu o sima he maha o ngā tawhā, tae atu: te hanganga motuhake rauemi, te wā thickening, kaha shock, samonapryazheniyu, sima kiato whakamātautau, he roha rārangi, te ihirangi o te matū e hiahiatia ana (māota katote, whanariki waikura, he waikura o Mg), te taumata o te wehenga wai , wera, me te tahi atu āhuatanga.

Ako e pā ana ki te hanganga o te sima ranunga e taea kia i tona ingoa. Taipitopito āhuatanga sima wetemuna hoatu i roto i te manuhiri i runga me te i roto i GOST10178-85. Ki te tīmata te ingoa i runga i te PC - ko te tohu o te sima e hāngai ana i runga i Portland sima clinker tenei, a ki te SPC - ka para tatou ki te ihirangi tiketike o te para taimaha (i runga i te 20%).

I muri ingoa tonu haapotohia ranei he tau i roto i te rau, i te tikanga kaha shock. Hoki Portland āhuatanga uara 600, 550, 500, 400, mo te para - te tau i 500 ki te 300. ano, te tau mōrahi o tāpiritanga A0 (kahore tāpiritanga) ki te D20 tohua i roto i te taitara (tāpiritanga - 20%). Kia roto i te tohu o te solidification tere (D), sima hydrophobization me plastification o te ranunga (PL, GF), te hanga o te raima clinker ki te hanganga tonu o (H) me te hono ki te Paerewa hāngai.

Hei tauira, te waitohu sima PTS550-D5-B-PL ko te sima Portland ki te kaha shock o 550, me te 5% tāpiritanga bystrozatverdevayuschim me plasticized.

Ki te hanga o te whare, ko te mea tino nui e kawea te kore mahi huringa i roto i tōtika. kia hoatu ngā aro ki te turanga, kei te maha i hanga o raima. Raima - he ranunga o te sima, onepu me te kirikiri. Me waitohu Cement mo te turanga o te kaha feunga nui kōpeketanga (400-500), ko te teitei te tokomaha, te iti taea e te nui o te tahi atu rauemi. Hei tauira, kua tangohia te waitohu o te sima toe rauemi 400 i roto i te ōwehenga 1 \ 3 \ 3, me te sima māka 500 - 1 \ 4 \ 4, aua.

Sima ko te rauemi e absorbs wai rawa te pai, e tino pā ona āhuatanga - reira pae hopea ngaro kaha kī. Na reira, te kōwhiri i te waitohu o te sima mo te mahi hanga, e hiahia ana koe ki te titiro i te rā o te hanga, me te ki te tautuhi i te tikanga rokiroki, rite waitohu sima 400 ia marama rokiroki ngaro 10% o tona kaha, ka hoki ki te marama e ono ngaro 30% o ngā āhuatanga, me te hei sima māka 280. hoki tenei sima ka hiahia atu tāpiringa, Heoi, e kore e taea te kī e te turanga i roto i tenei take, whiwhi tatou i te kaha e hiahiatia ana.