Svetlana Savitskaya: biography, whakaahua

i rua mohio ia rite te Hero o te Soviet Union, i whakawhiwhia e ia te taitara o kororia te Kaiwhakaako o Sports, a kua kore i tangohia o aro - kua tonu kua tona ahua i roto i te iwi whānui i te ahuareka, me te mea i ia etahi attraction motuhake. A ano reira e tawhiri tonu rangi - he ataahua, Māori, me te hopo. Ko te tuatahi i roto i te aamu o te hōpara ātea i muri Tereshkova kaipōkai wahine, ka puta atu ki tuwhera wāhi, tu i mua ia tatou Svetlana Savitskaya. haere Cosmonaut i wāhi i roto i tona rere te rua i roto i te rarangi.

Childhood me te taiohitanga

Svetlana I whanau ia i runga i August 8, 1948 i roto i te pane, i roto i te hapu o te rangatira hōia, Air Marshal - Evgeniya Yakovlevicha Savitskogo. I te wā i te whānau i te ako kia me. Mother Svetlana Lidia i te tau whawhai i mahi ki tana tane. Na taua huru etahi këtia runaruna o ratou tamahine heke mai.

riro Savitskaya Svetlana Evgenevna te tiwhikete i te tau 1966. I muri i taua, i whakaurua ia i roto i te Moscow Aviation Institute. I momoho te mau tona tītohu (1972), riro te makehe rere kaipūkaha. Studies i te'inisititiutí ngā ia ki te Kaluga Aviation Flight College Technical, te wahi i riro i muri mai e ia he tohu kaiurungi-kaiwhakaako.

Tonu he ākonga o te kura nui, ka anga ia mahi hākinakina faataahurihuri ka tomo te kapa o nāianei. Svetlana Savitskaya hohoro whiwhi wheako, me te kua i roto i 1970 i roto i Ingarangi, riro ia wahi tuatahi i roto i te taitara te ao i roto i aerobatics i runga i kōkeke rererangi. whakahaere ano ia ki te hanga peke hekerangi toru record i te kōhaupapa me hanga waru rererangi e rere i runga i te rererangi jet. A i roto i te 1970 i whakaritea kē ia ki te taitara o te ariki o hākinakina o te USSR.

paerata mahi

I puta ia mahi Svetlana Savitskaya mo etahi wa kia rite ki te pairati kaiwhakaako ki te whiwhi i tētahi atu pairati tohu whakamātautau. I roto i te 1976, ka timata ia ki te mahi i roto i te Scientific me Production Association "Whakatika". A iti i muri mai, kua he te rota o te wheako - rite te pairati whakamātautau i te tipu mō te mīhini engineering "Tere" i roto i Moscow. I roto i August 1980, i horo'ahia Svetlana o nga astronauts, a muri i whakaritea e ia cosmonaut-kairangahau i te "Tere".

"Road Mokowā"

Whitu Hōngongoi 1984 i Baikonur teihana rere "Soyuz T-12", i ite i te mau melo o te kaumoana i astronauts me toru o ratou - Svetlana Savitskaya. Whakaahua tangohia hohoro i mua tango-atu, Kei te rongoa tonu i roto i te cosmodrome Baikonur pūranga. I roto i te ohuraa, i tuatahi kite rite te rōpū nui o te whakamātautau-pionie e tino whai, te whakaaro o i ko ki te kawe i nga ngā tika i roto i mara ngā o te pūtaiao.

"Kapa Space", i ngā Savitskaya, ko ki mau i te raupapa o ngā mahi ki te aroturuki i te hauora tangata, pai-oranga me te āhua o te kaiao katoa i roto i te taiao wāhi, ki te tiki i ngā mōhiohio tika atu e pā ana ki urutaunga o te tangata ki te weightlessness. I roto i te rere, kawea nga kairangahau i nga ngā tika, i awhinatia ki te tautuhi i te momo rerekē o ine i roto i rongo, kite, pūnaha Cardiovascular, ki te whakatau i te whānuitanga o te manawanui tangata i roto i te taiao wāhi me tona susceptibility ki te ngoikore nui, ngoikore i roto i te taiao whakahaere i roto i te wāhi. aroturuki hoki Savitskaya Svetlana Evgenevna te pānga taiao o tuwhera wāhi i runga i te rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga o ngā momo o ngā hanganga engineering.

Ko te mahi matua o te rōpū, Heoi, ko roto i te wāhi tuwhera. Na Hōngongoi 25, 1984, tahi ki mahue Vladimir Dzhanibekov Stavitskaya te "Salyut-7" teihana ka kawea i roto i te spacewalk. E hoki ratou he whakamātau ahurei, i ngā i roto i te faaohiparaa i taputapu ringa Shirokouniversalny hangaia mō kawea mahi i roto i te wāhi i waho. Kua tēnei pūrere kua whakaratohia ki te supply mana hiko, e wha nga papa paraharaha, he paewhiri mana, kei whakakā aratau taea o te mahi. I roto i te mutunga, te waka ātea rere kaipūkaha "Soyuz T-12", kawea te whakawhitinga e whai ake i roto i - whakairo, whakapiringa, fehokotakianga me riringi.

Hoki ki te whenua

E noho i roto i te rere "kapa rangi" haere i runga i hoki ma rua nga ra. Hōngongoi 29, 1984, ka hoki ora atu ratou ki te whenua. faaoti nga tohunga ārahi o te kaumoana ki te haere tonu ratou mahi mua i roto i te ohuraa, ki te faaineine no te te spacewalk muri. Svetlana Savitskaya, taua takiwa, faaite te whakatinanatanga angitu o te wāhi o waho rite mahi "teretetiera", i kawea nei i roto i te tikanga i roto i te papa wheketere mua. Ko reira tika anake ana ki te whakaatu i te pūkenga tika, me te kia rite mo tetahi āhuatanga.

ngā mahi tōrangapū Savitskaya

I roto i ngā mahi tōrangapū ka Savitskaya he ahua nui i roto i te mutunga o nga 1980, me te reira, i roto i 1989, ka he kawana o te USSR, me te he mema o te Hupirimi Soviet o te USSR. Ko reira wahi o te rōpū Communist. I roto i te 1993, hoatu ana e ia i mua he tangata mo pōtitanga ki te State Duma o te 1 huihuinga, engari i rahua. I te mutunga o Hakihea 1995, i pōtitia Svetlana Savitskaya ki te toru o nga huihuinga, ka piri ano te totohe o te Rōpū Communist. I roto i te 2003, 2007 me te 2011, i pōtitia anō ia te kawana o nāianei State Duma i te Party Communist. Na ko ia te tiamana tuarua o te Runanga Pāremata i runga i te haumaru, ārai me te whawhai ki te hara.

I roto i te mutunga

ka rua te kaipōkai wahine Valentina Tereshkova i muri Svetlana Savitskaya. He tonu o ngā nui tona haurongo. oti ia te mahi i roto i te 1993 (ki te paetukutuku o Meiha) i roto i te hononga ki te tūranga pai-tika ana. Kua riro Svetlana E. maha hōnore me tohu mo ona pokohiwi - he spacewalk, he tokomaha nui o nga kitenga me ngā, ngā mahi whakaako.