Polyphylla: whakaahuatanga me te wāhi noho

beetle Marble - he ngārara ki te huringa whanaketanga roa, te hanganga rite ki te namu Mei. Common i roto i Southern Europe, Ukraine a wāhanga i roto i Russia. Katatānga, Central Asia me te rohe steppe Moana Black he rite ki te faahoho'araa (i roto i te ahua me te peu) - pokai namu pokai namu, tino hipoki ki te unahi ma. I roto i te Caucasus, kia kāinga beetle Hōngongoi Caucasus.

Polyphylla: whakaahuatanga

No ki te hapu o te scarab pokai namu āhuatanga tae pango-parauri me āhuatanga feunga nui (e pā ana ki 30-45 mm i roto i te roa). He āhuatanga motuhake ko te elytra, matenga, me te pronotum ki wahi te repa maha, hanga he tauira mapere. pakeketanga puku, i roto i hina marama. Forelegs - kari, e pā ana ki 35 mm te roa. Pūhihi faaiti hāurakaho, crankshafts, puka kōpiko tahi-āhua, arā, o i 7 paraharaha Mace. He nui ake ataahua, o 5 ngā wāhanga poto nga wahine.

tikanga o te oraraa

puta Hōngongoi Polyphylla papatipu i te mutunga o Pipiri, ka te pāmahana i whakaritea ki runga ake i te 10 ^° C i roto i te ra piri i roto i te papa o runga o te oneone, i roto i te ahiahi enei pepeke rere i roto i. Ko te kounga o te kai hiahia rau karepe, oki, me ngira paina. A e hohekore wahine; rere tawhiti poto te nuinga tane. I te putanga mai tanumia Polyphylla i te whenua tonu ranei ki runga ki te rakau.

Mate pērā i ngā ngārara hiahia nga haora te ahiahi. Hēki, āhuatanga e te tae ma, me te āhua elongated, ka waha te uha i te oneone; fecundity o tetahi takitahi - e pā ana ki 50 hua. I roto i te marama o hua puta ma, ngā torongū, ine e pā ana ki 7.5 cm matotoru kātua kōpiko i roto i te roa me te 1.5 cm i roto i te whanui. marama Head whero, kahore kanohi. Whakawhanake i roto i nga tau e toru, e tatari ana mo te hotoke i roto i te oneone i te hohonu o e pā ana ki te 1 mita. Ki te taenga o te puna whakatika ki te papa o runga, a ka tatari atu te wera nui i roto i te papa makariri o te oneone.

Haere mai e toru moetanga, tomo te hawhe tuarua Pipiri torongū te atamira pupation; rahi kokuhu e pā ana ki 40 mm o. puta Polyphylla i reira i muri i te 3 wiki. kia te wā whanaketanga kauruku me nga wahi hauhautanga piri kia atu mo tetahi atu tau: i roto i te wā pupation ka haere mai te reira i roto i te 4 taima.

Torongū Polyphylla: raru e

beetle beetle Pakeke kai he iti, kia ai te faariro i kihai i kino otaota. Ko te pests tino mōrearea e tona torongū. I roto i te wā tuatahi o te tau, whangaia ratou i runga i te pararopi, me te whakato pakiaka taitamariki. I roto i te wā tuarua o pakiaka kino o nga rakau hua, me haea karepe atu meinga te mate o te tipu. Hihiko kai kōpura rīwai, beets, kāriki, riki, te kāpeti, oilseed rape, kānga. Takitahi o te toru o tau i roto i te whakarara kai nga pakiaka o nga rakau tawhito. whakamutunga tau te whanaketanga o te torongū e taea ki te tapahia te pakiaka o paina taitamariki, engari ngau hoki te pakiaka o te rakau kaha e kore e anake.

Sai'ia ki te noho i runga i te rawakore soils te wahi nga otaota ārai ki mate me pests tuku iho pokai namu torongū mapere meinga kino nui ki nga whakatokanga hoki taitamariki o mara waina me rakau hua. I te tahi taime e faarahi ona mahi i roto i te ngaro o te makuku i roto i te oneone. He kua wā tata oti (70%) te whakangaromanga o haea karepe whakatokia ki runga ki te Dnieper tahatika.

Ko te tikanga koiora o te tiaki

Whawhai ara e rave rahi mapere beetle rö e e pai kawea atu i roto i ngā ki te ētahi atu.

Tenei tikanga koiora, e whakamahi hoariri tūturu Polyphylla, i roto i ngā papuni (Scolia quadripunctata). rapu Easy i roto i te torongū whenua o te hoariri pea (neke ki a ia tata i roto i te rārangi torotika), heoi paralyzing wero te pārurenga, a ka waha te hua manu i roto i tona puku. I te tahi taime whakapanga o hua e kore e hua i, engari patua mate patunga wero tonu. Paopao ngā torongū Scola rite te kai mā te whakamahi i te torongū ope - he ahua o te kai hou tonu: immobility, engari ki te tohanga tonu. Katahi te tukanga faafariuraa i roto i pupal me pakeke pepeke. kai whakamutunga waihonga o puawai rite feverweed, riki-ahu, Phacelia. Na reira, tohunga whakaaro nga wāhi pāngia e ngā mahi auru huna torongū Polyphylla, te whakatō i enei otaota i roto i te tikanga ki te kukume maramara. tūtohutia Tae te ki kia whakatokia hoki te maha o nga tau, ko te kupu whakarite i te tonu o te tukanga o te whakangaromanga o te pōrearea.

Ko te tikanga o te pakanga

I roto i te tikanga ki te tiaki i nga wāhi ahurea o Polyphylla tūtohutia hoki maimoatanga o te pūnaha pakiaka o wana ki patungārara. hiahiatia te oneone poke te patukīrea tohi tongi.

Polyphylla te nuinga colonizes rota e takoto kau wahi forestless, na i roto i ngā wāhi i reira te hiahiatia ai ki te whakarato i noho tu kiato. tūtohutia whakatō whakairo hou te ki te tango i te ngahere taitamariki, ka hiahiatia mahinga tawhito ki te hanga whenua parau hohonu ki te whakataki whakarara o ngā matū. nekehia atu rakau initareti e Polyphylla otinga o ngā matū.