Nga momo matua o nga whakahaere a te iwi me a raatau mahi

whakahaere Public noho he wahi tino nui i roto i te pūnaha tōrangapū o te whenua, me te i roto i te whakarite i te rangatiratanga o ona tangata. Ia tangata i roto i Russia e te tika ki te whakatū i te rōpū tūmatanui o te ahua tetahi e kore te mea he okotahi me te uniana mo te tiaki o ngā ngākau nuitanga,.

whakapumautia tenei tika e i roto i te Ture, Tuhinga 30. Russia - he whenua ki te tikanga kāwanatanga manapori, reira, whai te haere noa o ngā whakahaere iwi whānui me ngā uniana te. Kahore he tangata e whai i te tika ki te faahepo i te tangata ki te uru atu te whakahaere, ko reira anake i runga i te pai ai o te tangata.

Te hanga rōpū tūmatanui, e kore e taea e te iwi tatari mo te whakaaetanga o te mana tūmatanui. Ka taea te rēhita peheé whakahaere, i roto i nei take e whai ratou te mana o te hinonga ture. Heoi e kore te tukanga rēhita kāwanatanga hiahiatia, ka taea e ngā rōpū tīariari kahore reira.

Te tāutu momo rerekē o ngā rōpū waho i te käwanatanga :. Sports rōpū, nekehanga papatipu, ngā uniana hokohoko, rōpū tōrangapū, rōpū pūtaiao, hononga o te iwi taitamariki me te hauā, rōpū auaha, etc. Tuatahi hiahia koe ki te matau i te ariā o "whakahaere pāpori."

He aha te mea te rōpū tūmatanui?

tikanga o tēnei wā i te hanganga o tūao arumoni-kore, e hāngai ana i runga i te kaupapa o te iwi e kua piri tahi ki te whakatutuki i te whāinga noa. I te kau, te mahi o taua rōpū ruruku e te ture Federal "I Public Associations" tuhia May 19, 1995.

I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, te whakahaere pāpori - te uniana o iwi, i hanga i runga i te pūtake o ō rātou ngākau nuitanga, me te parau tumu o te mema tūao. I roto i tenei momo o te whakahaere he ona whāititanga:

• e kore e taea ki te whakarite i te rōpū patu;
• Me ū koe ki te ture o te Federation Russian;
• e kore ofati i te tapatahi rohe o te kāwanatanga.

Tohu o hononga ngā mahi tūao i roto i te hanganga ture tino ki te tikanga me te āhua kore-arumoni. I roto i ngā āhuatanga hou i te rongonui te whakanui ake o te uniana taua, rite te whakahaere tūmatanui. Ariā, momo o nui te pānga ki hītori me ngā kaitōrangapū.

puka whakahaere me te ture o te rōpū tūmatanui

E ai ki tetahi o nga oko o te ture Federal "I Public Associations", nga momo e whai ake nei o ngā rōpū, e kia hāngai ai rite ki te puka ture:

• kaupapa pāpori - rōpū i whakaturia i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga tōrangapū, me te pāpori. Te mau melo o nekehanga pāpori kore e whai i te mema;
• moni tūmatanui - tetahi o nga momo o rōpū pai-kore, nei te mau melo e kore e whai i te mema. Ko te whakaaro matua o tenei rōpū ko ki te waihanga i tētahi taonga, e hāngai ana i runga i ô horoa noa, me te tahi atu moni, e kore e fepaki i te ture o te whenua;
• institution tūmatanui - te uniana, ano kua kahore mema, tona whakaaro matua tohatoha i te whakarato o etahi ratonga;
• tinana o te kaupapa tūmatanui - he rōpū nei i te mau melo e kore e whai i te mema. Ko te whakaaro matua o te tinana, ko te ki te whakaoti etahi momo o ngā raruraru e ara ake i roto i te iwi i roto i te hapori, me te ako;
• rōpū tōrangapū - whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga o te kāwanatanga, me te faaite i te pai ai tōrangapū o te ngā mema o te whakahaere tūmatanui.

Whakarōpū o hononga tūmatanui

I tua atu ki ngā uniana, e he rerekē puka ture, i reira e te tahi atu āhuatanga o ratou whakarōpū. Ko te momo matua o ngā rōpū waho i te käwanatanga kua whakahuatia i runga ake. Ko wai e titiro momo rerekē me ngā o taua whakahaere. Ngā momo o ngā rōpū tūmatanui, me feohi i roto i runga i te tohu o te whai wāhitanga i roto i te pakanga mo te kaha:

• .. he takotoranga kore-tōrangapū, e kore ie tikanga ki te waiho i te whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga mo te mana, me te kore ngana ki te whakarerekē i roto i te whanaunga tōrangapū i roto i te whenua;
• he takotoranga tōrangapū, ie. e. amuimuiraa e he mātātoa te whai wāhi i roto i te pakanga mō te mana me te whakamahia hoki tenei taputapu motuhake.

E ai ki tenei ōwehenga o te rarangi ngā:

• momo;
• reformist;
• orurehau;
• counterrevolutionary.

Ngā momo o ngā rōpū tūmatanui o te Russian Federation i nga tikanga o te mahi:

• ture;
• ture;
• ōkawa;
• ōpaki.

Na rawa, i runga i te whānuitanga o ngā mahi ko te rōpū e whai ake nei:

• ao;
• rohe;
• pūāhua rohe.

Ngaahi Fatongia me mahi o ngā rōpū tūmatanui

Ko te hiahia ki te whai wāhi whakahaere hapori ā-? Ngā momo, mahi o enei hononga, ahakoa tona tapatahi kitea, kua tamau whakaarahia feaa me tautohetohe. Ngaahi Fatongia me mahi - te reira i te iti ariā rerekē. Tuatahi e hiahia ana koe ki te whakaaro i te kawenga o ngā rōpū waho i te käwanatanga:

• Ko ki te whai i te ture taketake o te Russian Federation, me te te tikanga ao mohio me te mau parau tumu o te ture te ao;
• ia tau e hoatu ki te whakaputanga o te pūrongo e pā ana ki tenei taonga ki te whakarato i te uru ki reira ranei;
• nga tau, ki te whakamōhio i te mana tūmatanui o te whakaaro ki te haere tonu o ratou mahi, i konei me whakapūtā koe nga kaiwhakatū rōpū, me te te wāhitau o te noho pūmau;
• tukua mai te tika o te mana ki te arotake i te tūtohinga o te whakahaere;
• whakamōhio i te mana tūmatanui e pā ana ki te taenga me te whakamahi o moni i whakahaere ke.

Na e hiahia ana tatou ki te puta ki te mahi o ngā rōpū tūmatanui:

• takotoranga tangata ki ngā whāinga motuhake, whakawhanaunga arā, me te roopu;
• te whakaurunga o te iwi i roto i te kaupapa here i roto i te mahi pakanga ranei;
• te hanganga o ngā hanganga tōrangapū kore-tuku iho hou;
• kanohi o ngā ngākau nuitanga pāpori.

Ko te momo matua o te whakahaere pāpori

Ka rite ki kua tuhia, i roto i te rōpū tūmatanui ka haere mai i runga i te pūtake noa, ka hāngai ki runga i tenei meka, e taea te faaoti i te reira e te mahi o ngā rōpū e hāngai ana ki to ratou whakapai ake, me te te pai. Ko te whakahaere i tinana e hāngai ana i konei mā pōtitanga. Ko te mahi o te whakahaere waho i te käwanatanga e taea e whai hua mo ona ngā mema e kore anake, engari ano mo te tahi atu mau taata e te hunga e kore e te mau melo o te whakahaere.

Ngā momo o ngā rōpū waho i te käwanatanga te tākaro he wāhi nui i roto i te waihanga o ngā mahi rōpū. He maha ngā momo o ngā mahi e tautuhi te aronga o te whakahaere. hononga Public taea mahi i te ngākau nuitanga o kaipakihi me ngā rōpū pakihi, kaimahi me kaimahi, me te ki te whakatairanga i te whakaaro o ngā rōpū fakalotú, tōrangapū, me te tahi atu.

Ngohe o ngā rōpū tūmatanui tohatoha i runga i te momo o te rōpū. Na roto i te mahi o te hinonga me te rōpū ngaio ngā mahi ki te whakatairanga i te ngākau nuitanga o ngā mema e rua o te rōpū pakihi, me ngā kaimahi noa.

Ko nga momo o ngā mahi o ngā uniana e:

• mahi ki te tiaki i nga ngākau nuitanga o ngā kaimahi me ngā mema o uniana;
• ngā mahi o ngā rōpū e hiahia i roto i te tiaki i ō rātou ngākau nuitanga i runga i ngā take o te utu, me ngā āhuatanga mahi nei i te mau melo;
• atu mahi o ngā uniana o te ngā rōpū e kua hanga e te he pūtake hanganga peka ranei hokohoko.

Ngohe o te tahi atu rōpū ngā nga mahi o ngā rōpū katoa (i tua atu i ngā kaituku mahi me ngā uniana hokohoko), e tiaki i te ngākau nuitanga o te kaiuru. Ngohe o ngā rōpū tūmatanui ngā i roto i tenei rōpū e whai ake nei:

• ngā mahi o feohi fakalotu, e ngā i roto i horahanga i te whakapono, me te faaiteraa i tona whaki;
• mahi tōrangapū rōpū, nekehanga, rōpū nei tuatahi whakaaro ko ki te hanga i whakaaro o te iwi i te whakahörapatanga;
• nga mahi o ngä whakahaere i waho-tōrangapū, e hanga ana hoki whakaaro o te iwi, engari i roto i ngā mahi mōhio-whakatairanga, ara nga moni e tika ana, a na runga i aha..;
• auaha tohutohu mahi rōpū, hei tauira, he karapu pukapuka, mau sotaiete hītori, waiata me te toi rōpū;
• ngā mahi o ngā uniana kaitaraiwa, kiritaki, ahau;
• ngā mahi o feohi tāmau whenua, uniana mo te tiaki o ngā rōpū pāpori.

whakahaere Non-pai

Ka taea te hanga i tēnei ahua o te rōpū ki te whakaoti i te raruraru o te mātauranga, te hauora, te pūtaiao me te tikanga. whakahaere Non-pai - he rōpū nei i te mau melo e kore e whai i te mema, e hāngai ana i runga i ô horoa noa o takitahi me hinonga ture. Various momo o whakahaere he nui nui, i reira ka kia whakaaro te taketake tino. Ngā momo o ngā rōpū pai-kore:

1. Foundation. Ko te puka tino noa o te rōpū te pai-kore tenei. Ko tōna whakaaro, ko te ki te whakatika i te raruraru pāpori, ahurea atu ranei e kohikohi takoha taonga. He ona ake āhuatanga e te wehe i te reira i te tahi atu mau faanahonahoraa o tenei momo te Foundation. Kahore he mema, e te tikanga e kore e taea te mau melo o te whakahaere te whakahaere i te tahua. Tenei rōpū Ko te rangatira o tona taonga, a kahore e tika mo ona nama ona röpü whakahaere.
2. Aroha. Tenei whakahaere hanga i roto i te tikanga ki te kohikohi takoha taonga mo te aroha. Tenei ahua o pütea ko te tikanga whakahaere ana mahi. Ka rite ki te tikanga, he turanga aroha ko te kaitautoko, a ka meinga e ia ona kaiwhakarewa. Ka taea e waiho rānei he State ranei hinonga, me tetahi takitahi tenei. Ki te kore ko te kaitautoko tenei, te pütea ake whiwhi moni i roto i ngā huarahi.
3. Union (Association). Ko te whakahaere pai-kore whakaturia e hanumi rave rahi hinonga ture tenei. E ai ki te ture rohe, ture uniana i roto i te aroaro tukutahi o ngā rōpū arumoni me te pai-kore. hanga Association ki tohu i te ngākau nuitanga o ngā kamupene me ki ruruku ratou mahi.
4. paheko Kiritaki. Ko te rōpū o tangata, me te (ranei) hinonga ture i runga i te pūtake noa, te whakaaro matua o te mea ki te whakatau i te whānuitanga o ngā matea o ona ngā kaipupuri hea. tuku whai pānga ki te iwi te hunga kua hanga hea takoha me te he rōpū ki te hanumi. Ka rite ki te kiritaki e taea hea ngātahi ngāue tangata rite mau, me hinonga ture.
5. feohi Religious. Tenei uniana o rua iwi, i mea i hanga ki te whāinga o te whakapono noa, me ona horapa. kia ngā te tohu o te rōpū fakalotu te whakangungu o ratou kau muimuí, te kōmihana o koropiko, karakia. Nga kaiuru o te uniana taua anake e taea e tangata tūturu.

feohi Public o mahi

Tenei mahi tahi ko te kawenata o te iwi e kua huihui mai ki te whakaputa i te hanga hua e hiahiatia ana i roto i te mau tautooraa tahi. Nuinga o ngā wā, he whānui whakahaere o mahi e rua ngā wāhi: ture, me te hangarau. tikanga Ture te ki te whakahaere i whanaunga pāpori i roto i te tukanga mahi. he aronga Hangarau i roto i te ture o te mahi i runga i te hua e tika ana.

I tēnei wā, i reira e tata kahore momo rerekē o te whakahaere taua i roto i te puka parakore, kia rite ki ngā momo katoa o ngā uniana mahi no ki hītori. Puka o te whakahaere pāpori o mahi:

• i tahito ra hapori;
• pononga;
• feudal;
• capitalist;
• -pāpori.

Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, he momo katoa o ōkawa enei a tata kore puta i roto i te ao hou.

Sports me ngā rōpū hākinakina

kia tukinotia ēnei rōpū kia rite te momo o ngā rōpū pai-kore, me te ki te momo arumoni. E huaina ēnei whakahaere ki runga ki ki te whakawhanake i te mātauranga ā-tinana me te hākinakina i roto i ngā rōpū rerekē o te iwi ki te hanga i nga tikanga e tika ana katoa mo te whakapakari i te hauora o te tangata whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi hākinakina, te whakarato ngā rawa e kua hiahiatia hoki whakangungu.

Kua riro te tino paingia Nā ki te ino i roto i te hauora o tangata i roto i te hākinakina tata me ngā rōpū hākinakina. Ka waiho ratou taea ki te whakaara i te taumata o te ahurea tinana o te iwi, a ka ki taua mea, me te hauora.

tawhiti feohi arumoni o tenei momo te rite te pai matua ūnga me taea te hanga i roto i ngā rōpū rerekē, me kamupene t kotahitanga. D.

e kore e ngā rōpū Non-pai whai akonaki pai. Tuatahi o te katoa, kua hangaia e ratou ki te whakatau i nga hiahia o tangata. e kore te Income, e kua he whakahaere taua tohaina i waenganui i ona ngā mema, a ka haere ki te mahi i nga mahi e tika ana.

He tino kanorau momo o ngā rōpū hākinakina tūmatanui. I roto ia ratou:

• karapu hākinakina, e mahi i runga i te kaupapa tūkotahi i roto i te pokapū rerekē;
• kura hākinakina o ngā tamariki i raro i te mana o tinana kāwanatanga;
• hononga pūtaiao i roto i te mara o te ahurea tinana me hākinakina;
• Katoa-Russian hākinakina me ngā rōpū hākinakina;
• Olympic Komiti o te whenua.

whakahaere pāpori-tōrangapū

He āhuatanga o enei whakahaere kei e kore ratou e tono ki ngā pokapū kāwanatanga, engari i roto i rerekē no nekehanga ki te pūnaha tōrangapū te whenua o. E nehenehe te reira rite hei whakahaere e whakaawe tika whakataunga tōrangapū i roto i te whenua, me te rōpū e kore e e whai i te whakahaere tino, me te hanganga.

Ko te whakaaro matua o taua rōpū ko te pānga i runga i te mana, Heoi, rite ki te tikanga, whakahaere pāpori-tōrangapū o te kaha, per se, e kore te rapu. Ko te mau parau tumu o te feohi pāpori-tōrangapū he tūao, me te mana o nga mema o. He he he whakarōpū nui o taua hononga. Tenei ko nga momo taketake o ngā rōpū pāpori-tōrangapū.

I roto i runga i te pā ana ki te pūnaha ngā:

• momo;
• ohaoha;
• hou.

E ai ki te tohu o te whakahaere:

• ruarua whakaritea;
• tino whakaritea;
• māori;
• taratahi.

Ko te āwhata o te mahi:

• ao;
• rohe;
• Republican;
• rohe.

rōpū tūmatanui kāwanatanga

e kore e te rongonui tino taua rōpū, me i reira ko te nui iti. Ko nga momo o te kāwanatanga rōpū tūmatanui tabulahia i raro nei.

State Corporation. Ko te whakahaere e kore e whai mema, a kei te hanga e te Russian Federation i te pūtake o te takoha rawa. Ko te whāinga, ko te ki te mahi i ngā mahi hapori whai hua. State kaporeihana hanga i runga i te ture e hānga ana, a ko te taonga katoa i roto i tona rangatiratanga. Ka whakamahia e tēnei whakahaere tona taonga ki te whakamahi pai, tautuhia e te ture.

institution pūtea - he whakahaere i whakaturia e mana tūmatanui i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i ngā take pāpori-ahurea, pūtaiao-hangarau, me te tahi atu. pütea nga mahi o tenei whakahaere ko i te pūtea hāngai.

mutunga

Ngā momo o ngā rōpū waho i te käwanatanga ngā te maha nui o ngā rōpū rerekē, me ia o ratou kua etahi painga ngā me ngā huakore. Ko whakahaere katoa i te taua mau parau tumu o te hanga, i roto i nei ko: voluntariness, taurite te aroaro o te ture, Ture, urutanga o ngā mōhiohio, me te publicity mahi, te whakahaere-whaiaro.

Ki te rapu i te tangata ki te whakapuaki i ō rātou whakaaro, me te faaite i ratou ki ētahi atu iwi, i te otinga tino - te whakahaere tūmatanui. Ariā, momo o taua rōpū e taea te ngāwari kitea i roto i te Ture o te Russian Federation me ture e hānga ana. Kei te whai wāhi ngā whakahaere hapori ā-katoa ki te whanaketanga o etahi parau tumu me ngā nekehanga. I roto i te whenua manapori, fakamamafa'i kotahi ano te aroaro o taua whakahaere te haere noa o te tangata.