Kobylianska kaituhi Olga Yulianovna: haurongo, auaha me te ngā meka

Olga Yulianovna Kobylianska (1863-1942) - kaituhi Ukrainian, ahua pai-mohiotia, e oti rawa tona ora ki te pakanga mo te taurite i waenganui i nga wahine me te tangata; mema o te Uniana o Soviet Writers.

Tamarikitanga i Gura Humorului i Suceava

Olga Kobylianska (1863-1942 gg.) Ua whanau i runga i Noema 27 i roto i te pa o Gura Humorului i te rohe o te maunga Carpathian (puritia inaianei i te pa o Romania) ka noho hoki tata 80 tau o te ora roa e te ohipa. Hoki atu pau Olga tona tamarikitanga ki ona tuakana, me tuahine e aroha (i whanau ia te wha te tamaiti i roto i te whānau). timata te reira i ona ora i roto i Gura Humorului, a ka i te pitihana akiaki o to ratou papa, oho te hapu ki te pa o Suceava, te wahi i muri ki te whānau Kobylyansky noho pehe Ukrainian Nikolai Ustiyanovich. Tino hohoro, kua kite i te kaituhi i mua nei i roto i te pa hou i te kaumeá hou - tona i'oa me tona taua hoa Ustiyanovicha tamahine Olga. I roto i te taua pa Julian Kobylyansky, āpiti faufaa nui ki te mātauranga o ratou tamariki, ka hoatu e ia he tama iti ki te kura. Fakataha ki teina pakeke me Olga timata āta waia ki te tukanga akoranga.

Childhood i Kimpolunge

I muri oho Suceava Kobylyansky ki te kari-pa, engari kihai ratou i reira noho - i reira ko hapu o tona papa i te whawhai, i muri i faaoti i te tākuta rohe e ki te whakaora i te manawanui me tika etahi rangi maunga hou. Te taha o tona papa, me Olga ko ia tonu Kobylianska. ka tonu Biography kaituhi i mua nei i roto i Kimpolung te wahi i akina atu te whānau katoa ki te neke i roto i te tau 1869, a te wahi e ora ratou i muri i nga tau kotahi tekau ma wha. E reira he tonu he kotiro taitamariki mō te wha tau e, puta ia i te kura iti Tiamana. I te tīmatanga, i homai whakangungu uaua no te mea ko Tiamana te reo hou mo te taitama Olga, a taea kahore ano kia meatia - i roto i te Tonga Bukovina i aua tau ko Tiamana te reo e pā ana, no te mea whakahaere marautanga i roto i te nuinga o ngā kura i runga i taua mea.

whānau

Ka taea e tetahi kaituhi korero te rota mā te whakamahi i te whānuitanga o ngā mātāpuna, me i roto i tenei kaituhi ko he meka ngā i te haurongo. Olga Kobylianska ko tetahi o e whitu tamariki i roto i tona hapu. I tčnei wā ko reira uaua ki te whakaaro - me pehea i nui kaha ki te whakapau ki te whakarite tupu e kua tamaiti katoa te tika tangata i roto i te heke mai. Ngā mātua o te kaituhituhi heke mai, a pono i te timatanga rawa kihai i ngāwari, i ngā, he reira utu te tuhituhi i te whakarau taimaha Yuliana Kobylyanskogo i ngā i roto i te kōhungahunga i mahue te pani. papa o Olga, ahakoa te āhuatanga uaua, e ngana ana pakeke ki te tiki i te mātauranga i runga i to ratou ake, imiraa ia i te mau haapiiraa i hoatu e ia ngā tamariki tata ārahi. Ngā mihi ki a ratou mau tautooraa hohoro roaa te wahi Kobylyansky kirimana haihana, a muri aru i tenei i te taha o te whakatairanga - i whakaritea e ia mandatorom. Heoi, ko te hiahia hoki te tika o nga tangata takaro he whakapati i runga i a ia: hoariri kaipupuri whenua pai, me te he whakaaro, hainatia e ia ia te whakawa. A tonu e kore ahau i hoatu e ake a muri i te tau torutoru i hanga kua mahi tika i roto i te marae.

Mō whaea Olga Kobylyanskaya mohio he rota iti iho i te Matua. Tino meka ko e ko ia te tamahine o amo whakahekea. Hoki te wa roa mahi te whaea o te kaituhi i mua nei rite he kaitiaki tamariki i roto i te hapu o te tohunga taonga.

Ka rite ki nga he papa, me te whaea Kobylyanskaya iwi tika, me te āwhina, ki te kia tukinotia katoa ki te faatura, e hiahia ana ratou tohutohu, ka whakarongo ki a ratou. I tino i nga wa toku papa, engari i nga wa katoa ataahua, ko te whaea wahine ngohengohe me te tairongo ki te kawe e whitu o te iwi tika, me te whakatuwhera i to ratou ara i roto i te ora e kua whakahaere.

āhukahuka tuatahi o iho

Ahakoa te ako kaha o te reo o te Austro-Hungarian Empire, ka anga ia ki te ako Kobylianska me te reo Iukereiniana, i homai nei e German uaua atu. ka mau ia mau haapiiraa i te kaiako rohe i runga i te whānau Protsyukevich, e whakaako ana i te kura kotahi, i reira ako Olga.

Te riroraa i te kotiro tino taea e kore haere noa-aroha me te aronganui i ngakau, e kore e ite i te tuhinga, i rapu tonu ahau mo ha faingamālie ki te maka atu ratou whakaaro me mau mana'o. A i roto i tona hapu i te mau metua pouraka oomo i roto i ngā tamariki i te whakaute me te aroha mo te kupu, me te mahi o te iwi. Ka rite ki te hua, i roto i nga tau o te whakangungu i roto i Kimpolunge Olga lau pukapuka maha: te rārangi ngā rua Goethe ko Schiller, a tae noa Byron.

homai Haurongo Kobylyanskoy Olgi Yulianovny te kaipānui he whakaaro oraora o te mea i aru i te hiahia kotiro whakakaha mo toi tuhituhi toi. Kua i te tau o ma wha tamata ia tona kaha whiti, me te rotarota te rārangi tuatahi.

wawe Works

tuhituhi Young Kobylianska Olga ana whiti tuatahi i raro i te ngā, me te whakaata i te uho o te ite ore i o tamariki i huaina "Hortensius, huahua o te ora o te kotiro ranei." I tuhituhia te mahi i roto i te reo Tiamana, me te kore i whakaaetia e tetahi o nga hoa ranei i mohio Kobylyanskaya. Mai i te kawa tuatahi o te kore Olga i toku ora e kore mahara ano ratou whakamātau tuatahi i tuhituhi.

Otiia e kore e te haere tenei ki te mutu - ka haere mai ki te marama i te torutoru rotarota: "He huahua o te ora motu i roto i Bukovina," "te tangata o nga tangata" ka pera i runga i D. Otiia i sketchy enei mahi katoa, miramira etahi āhuatanga, me te kore hiahia ki te kia kohia. ki te pikitia tino o whakaaro, me te āhua aronganui o te kaituhi.

Ko te hanganga rite te kaituhi Olga Kobylyanskaya

ka mohio tētahi wāhi nui i roto i te whakarau Olgi Kobylyanskoy ki Nataley Kobrinskoy, mohiotia i taua wa kaituhi Ukrainian. Ko te nuinga o Kobylyanskaya papaki waru, engari tenei kihai i ārai ia ki ona waewae, me te kiwi e māia ki te whai i te ara i runga i tonoa reira nga matua tuatahi, a inaianei te kaiakopono i roto i te tangata o te kaituhi nui. Mai i taua wāhi i runga i, taui i tona ora katoa tino Olga. I mua iriti te reira i te ao rerekē - he ao i reira e taea te mutunga ia faaite ratou whakaaro, kahore te wehi o te kataina.

acquaints Kobrin Kobylyansky ki auaha Ukrainian - i roto i te akoranga e ngā pukapuka Ukrainian me pakiwaitara. Kaiapo horomia nga kupu ite Kobylianska e kua kitea e ia tona wahi i roto i te ora. He maha hoa me i mohio ka koa te āwhina Olga i te ako o te ahurea Ukrainian. Tino hohoro haamata Kobylianska Olga ki kia tere te ahunga whakamua i roto i te mara tuhituhi. I muri tuhi he kōrero i roto i te Tiamana "Ua faaipoipo ia," i muri mai ka te pūtake mo te pūrākau "te tangata", puta te marama e te tino rongonui kaituhi Ukrainian Kobylyanskaya Olga.

Life i roto i Czernowitz

I roto i te 1891, no te take te utuafare oho whānau katoa Kobylyansky ki Chernivtsi. Tenei wa zastaot Olga i ki tonu kaituhi pua ope - aroha ia katoa a tawhio noa, e hiahia ana ia ki te waihanga me te kawe mai he wahi o ratou i roto i tenei ao. I roto i tenei pa, ia inaianei e taea hipokina tino te ahurea Iukereiniana, i te me he, te wā kotahi whakapai ake etahi o ratou mahi.

I roto i 1894, i roto i "Dawn" moheni whakaputaina te kōrero tuatahi Ukrainian Kobylyanskaya "te tangata." Marama hihi kanapa kaituhi o te angitu tae noa uaua mahi, mahi ngā whakamāoritanga, kei te tango i te wahi kaha i roto i te mau ohipa tuhituhi katoa.

kōrero i huaina "Princess" oti i roto i 1895. I reira i muri i riro i tenei mahi Kobylianska Olga Yulianovna faatura i te kaituhi rongonui Ivana Franko.

I roto i te 1898, mai te kaituhi ki te pa. Here replenishes haurongo Kobylyanskaya Olga Yulianovna hui nui hou - ia fakafo'ituitui tutaki ki Ivan Franko, e here ana i waenganui ia ratou i te auhoaraa kaha. I muri i tenei hui, Ivan Franko, rite te pai mana, me te venerated i te wa he kaituhi kua whakaaturia nuitia te taranata Olga Kobylyanskaya.

Taunga ki Lesya Ukrainka (Larisa Kosach)

Torutoru iwi tangata unknown tetahi atu, engari kaituhi atu rongonui i raro i te pseudonym Lesya Ukrainka. He maha rawa nga hau o nāianei, me mea ngaro a tawhio noa te ingoa o enei wahine e rua, e rua kaiwawao whakahaputia o tika o te wahine, e rua ngā kōtiro, tino rite i roto i te wairua. I roto i te 1899, i roto i te hoa tahi ko M. Pavlik he mohio o te heke mai o nga hoa rāua e rua. I roto i te 1899 kitea Les te tuatahi tuhituhi i te pukapuka ki a Olga, i taua o te pukapuka tuatahi, me te tīmata reta o nga wahine e rua, ka arahi ratou ki te mutunga o ona ra. rapport Amazing whakapumautia i waenganui ia ratou: e rua oaoa rahi mō te reta o ngā pukapuka, waiata, tuhituhinga, te matapaki me te faaiteraa i to ratou whakaaro, o ratou raruraru. whakamoemititia tonu Lesya Ukrainka no ki te whakaaro maia i roto i nga mahi Kobylyanskaya me te tahi atu i roto i te whakautu tuatahi rotarota o tona hoa kōhine. Puta noa i te auhoaraa i tika, me te āwhina ki tahi e te tahi, tetahi maha tae mai kihai i tetahi, me te tika taime kahore whakaaro o tona hoa kōhine ratou. Olga tae mai te Green Grove Lesia, me o muri hoki te marama noho i te kāinga Kobylyanskaya matua i roto i nga maunga Carpathian.

Ko te whakawhetai ki a Lesia Ukrainka i Kobylyansky hua mahi o Talafungani Russian o te wā ongo nui reira - Tolstoy, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Dostoevsky, Turgenev, etc ...

He kaitautoko o te Tuhinga o te wahine

Ongo'i pēhanga ke me ūhia i kohirahira atu i roto i ngā mara, faaoti Kobylianska Olga tikanga katoa e ki te whawhai ki te hara o tika o te wahine i roto i te ora pāpori me te ahurea. Ko te kaituhi ko whawhati kia nui te ahi Feminism pakanga e etahi wa i muri ka reira tetahi o nga tīmata o te "Women Russian i Bukovina".

I roto i te tokomaha o ana mahi, hei tauira, i roto i te "Princess" ranei i roto i tona pūrākau tuatahi "Ko te tangata" mārama whakaata Olga Kobylianska wawetia hoki rapu tauihu - kitea te aroha, te tikanga o te ora, me te, o te akoranga, te oaoa o te wahine. Katoa pūāhua wahine te kaituhi kua he pūāhua kaha-mea tohe ki a kaha, i roto i nei ia o enei kaha "pukapuka" Women hopea whiwhi ia. Taua ko ratou kaihanga.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o tona ora

I muri i 1912 tahuri ora ki te karawarawa pango mo Olga Kobylyanskaya. Ko tētahi e tetahi mate ona hoa tata: Ivan Franko, a tae noa Kotsjubinsky Lesya Ukrainka. haamata te whenua he whawhai, a ki runga ki taua whenua, me te oneone pouri taimaha timata Olga ki te tuhituhi kōrero anti-whawhai, ki te iti rawa tamata ki te hoki ki te ao pouri o te kurupae marama. Mai i reira he "Moemoeā o", "Hura", me ētahi atu.

I roto i kua kahakore noa te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao me te i roto i te tau tawhito mahere Olga Kobylyansky ki te kawe mai ki te whakatahi i Chernivtsi, te wahi i noho i roto i tona ora ia, engari e kore e mahi i te reira, me te kaituhi meapango riro herehere i te Tiamana. i faataahia ia ki hinga ki raro i te nohoanga whakawa, ka kia whakama kohurutia, engari ano ko reira te huru kaha-mea tohe ki kua kï e ko reira e taea ki te huri i me te rave i te reira, ki te hiahia ia, te tauari katoa o ngā. Maehe 21, 1942 mate ia. I roto i te mahara o te kaituhi i roto i tona whare taonga whenua i hanga, i ki tenei ra, ko te ki tonu o te iwi, a ka mahara ratou katoa te wahine faahiahia nei ko Olga Kobylianska. faaoti Haurongo o kaituhi i roto i tenei pa, - tona tanumia i roto i te Chernivtsi - te wahi i reira i faataahia ia ki te tīmata i tō ara ki te kaituhi faahiahia a āta whakaoti ai.