Ko wai e te Mujahideen? Afghan me Hiriani Mujahideen

Ki te rā, i reira e maha ngā rōpū tuwhena i roto i te ao e e tamata i te kaha ki te whakatutuki i etahi o ratou whāinga. I roto i tenei tuhinga ka ako koe nei te Mujahideen. Hoki, ka taea e koe te pānui i pā ana ki te rōpū tino noa, me o ratou wāhi.

Ko wai e te Mujahideen?

Tenei rōpū patu kōhikohiko nei whāinga ko ki te whawhai mo te whakapono. E ratou he takotoranga tuwhena. E ko, ki te whakaoti i to ratou mau fifi, whakamahia ratou maitai makariri me pū. Mai te timatanga o tona oraraa, a ka hanga e ratou i roto i te 70 te mutunga, whakaaro te Mujahideen i tutu, e whawhai ki nga hoariri whawhai, nga infidels i roto i o ratou whenua. Ko te rōpū nui rawa ko te Afghanistan.

Haere hanganga o nga tangata rohe kahore e nei i whai wāhi i roto i te ope auau. Noatia, titau te Army Mujahideen pūtea tamau, me te nui, na he maha ratou hiahia i roto i te Tuhinga o te mana me te ao o te mana. I tua atu i reira e ano Hiriani ngā Afghan me Chechen.

Ko te hītori o takanga o nga Mujahideen Afghan

anga te reira i roto i te tau 1979, ka tomo ngā hōia Soviet te whenua. Ratou mahi matua i ki te whawhai ki te "mātauranga" mahi o te Union me ona whakamātau ki te turaki i te kāwanatanga o nāianei. Heoi, whakamararatia te rōpū i muri i te pakanga. hanga e ratou i tetahi atu kaupapa - te Taliban. Me kï reira e whai te AFGHAN Mujahideen ingoa ki tetahi - ". spooks"

Ko te matua kaha taraiwa o kua enei rōpū kua me tonu ko te whakapono. E ko, ratou ka anga ki "tapu whawhai" Jihad ki katoa te hunga e mea ai e kore wahi ratou tirohanga. I roto i tenei take, ua titauhia ia tapaea ki te huna i te infidels Ihirama nga Afghans. Hoki tenei, kia rite ki te Mujahideen, kia waiho ratou tino ki te haere ki te te rangi i muri i te mate.

I roto i te parau tumu, e taea e kore tonu te kitea nga tutu i te tangata rangimarie. Ko te meka ko e i kakahu te spooks i te ara ano rite iwi mau: i roto i te hāte ohie, wekete pango me te potae.

Rawa rōpū o ngā mahi

Kia mohio koutou ko wai te Mujahideen, lau e pā ana ki te pehea i whawhai ratou. I roto i te parau tumu, i wehea te ope tutu ki ngā rōpū e rerekē i roto i te rahi me te hanganga. Ko te ahunga matua o ratou mahi, ko:

- mahi o whakawetiweti;

- ngā mahi auru huna;

- patua pere i runga i waka rererangi me te whawhai whenua wae o hōia Soviet;

- pehipehi ki maina o ngā rawa rautaki (te nuinga rere);

- pupuhi i runga i pāhia i o waka ki tokoni hōia, me te fakaetangatá.

Ko te katoa maha o Mujahideen i 1989 kiia hoki te hauwhā o te miriona iwi. Me mea te reira e mahi ratou i rawe ki. Ko te, kua tamata rōpū ki te hipa i te taupatupatunga tika ki nga hōia auau, e, o te akoranga, pai ki a ratou i roto i ngā tau. Heoi, e kore ratou i whakahaere i te whawhai tauine-tonu ki nga whakaeke, e kore i tamata ki te tango i te taonga pakaru-atu mo te wa roa, me te maha mahi ohorere.

Vauvauhia hanganga tuwhena tamata tuatahi ki te whakahaere whakatö-kaha i roto i te taupori rohe, e te parau e pā ana ki te "hoariri" infidels e hiahia ana ki te hopu ratou whenua. Nā ki tenei ki taea ratou kimi atu civilians. Next, ki te awhina o mahi whakawetiweti, me te auru huna paves te ara mo te ope oti o te hoariri. He ola whānui muri whakahaere o te hoariri.

kawe patu

Na e matau ana koutou ki nga Mujahideen, kua tae mai nei te wa ki te korero ki te mea ahua o te mana whawhai nohoia e ratou. Tuatahi o te katoa, me ahau mea ai nga patu katoa i i whakamahia e te hunga tutu, i hokona i roto i Haina me te United States. I runga i te toenga o nga wae i Kalashnikovs, desyatizaryadnye raiwhara io, pū mīhini, nui-ërä, RPGs, raiwhara huaki M-16A1, mōtā me pu nui-ërä. I tua atu, kei te rite rawa ratou ki pū anti-rererangi me tāuta keri, complexes kawe mo te whakangaromanga o te rererangi.

Ahakoa i roto i te täoro Mujahideen i anti-tank me anti-kaimahi maina, pohū me pōma. Nā ki taua hunga tutu ope patu, tonu utua e ngā rōpū whai pānga, i taea e meinga kino nui ki nga hoia hoariri. I muri i te katoa, e mohio katoa pehea patua maha hoia Soviet i roto i Afghanistan.

Feia faatere o ngā rōpū tuwhena me ratou hoa

Ki te pā ana ki ko wai nga Mujahideen, kua kua tai'o koe, ka pea fifili koe te hunga arahina enei rōpū. Ko te kau taki tino rongonui o te rōpū o Radicals he: Ismail Khan, Abdul Ali Mazari, mea Mansour me ētahi atu.

Ano, e rave rahi taime huihuia nga kau taki kapa takitahi i roto i hononga. whakaritea te uniana taua tuatahi i roto i 1982, ka i huaina "Peshawar whitu". ko Headquarters hanganga i Pakistan. I whakaritea te "Alliance o waru". I roto i te mātauranga katoa ngā, aua, 7 me te 8 o te rōpū Afghan.

i hoa Afghan Mujahideen: MI6 (maramarama Ingarangi), te CIA, te United Arab Emirates, Pakistan, China ko Iran. Ngohe o ngā rōpū pūtea e tautoko, kāhore keri koura, me te te hoko o te raau taero.

Tautautefito te Hiriani Mujahideen

Me ahau e mea e penei te mahi tuwhena o te mātauranga i roto i Afghanistan kore anake. Hei tauira, i roto i Hiria mojaheds - neke atu i te 400 ngā rōpū, e mahi ki te mana o te ara tuwhena ano. He mana nui i runga i te whanaketanga o te kaupapa taua kua Hauti Arapia, i whai wāhi ki te "Army o Ihirama".

He āhuatanga motuhake aroaro e hinonga ko e te tinana-ture anake hoki ratou he Sharia. Noatia, i mua puta te putanga o Army i Hiria ao o mana, i nei mojaheds te matenga Rebel maitai Radicals. Me mea e ahau e roto i nga mema o o enei rōpū puta hoki tukinga.

Ki te rā, te rōpū tino mana i roto i te whenua ko te "Brigade o Ihirama", e tino whakataetae ki ētahi atu hinonga. Kei te tere nei te piki i te maha o Mujahideen i Hiria i tenei ra.

Rawa nga mahi o Chechen Mujahideen

Māngai rōpū i hanga e i roto i te tuatahi whakaekenga o te Russian Federation i te rohe o Chechnya i 1994. I roto i tenei wā, te Russian ropu ahiri ki tango mana o mōhiotia mātauranga - Chechen Republic o Ichkeria. Heoi, he kaupapa tuwhena e ui Tuhinga i Russia, me te hanga i to ratou ake āhua, kihai i hiahia ki te hoatu ki runga. Kua whakarewahia Chechen Mujahideen kaha i roto i te rohe e kore e anake, engari puta noa i Russia.

ka mau arotahi ratou mahi pupuri me mahi tonu o te whakawetiweti, me te auru huna ngā mahi. Me kï reira e he tonu te hanganga tuwhena Chechen rawa mōrearea, me te haere tonu ratou "whawhai o te whakaoranga".

He aha te mea te rerekētanga te Mujahideen me te Taliban?

I roto i te parau tumu, te take whakakotahi matua o enei rōpū ko ki te whakahaere "whawhai tapu". Heoi, ko te Taliban me te Mujahideen i ngā tirohanga rerekē i runga i nga ara o te aroraa. Rawa whiwhi te Jihad tuku iho te taha toa ki hi'o ki te tahae i me kata taupori tukua. Taua aronga ka etehi mo te Taliban. Ratou mahi matua ko te whakahaere o te kāwanatanga, i waho e kore e taea e te Sharia mahi. I tua atu, i te ope matua peia ko te whakapono o te Taliban. e kore e nui ki a ratou uara Material. No te mea o ratou ite ore, e tino nanakia enei iwi.

Ko te Mujahideen, e neke atu ratou i te tahi mau ngā tikanga (me anake mai i 1992). Ko te whāinga o ratou pakanga, ko te mana ki runga i ngā rauemi. He nui ake mātauranga ratou, a kahore e whakarerea te taonga.