Kanohi tafa'aki: he aha te mea te rerekētanga i te noa?

I roto i te kukuwhatanga o te tahi mau kararehe puta tino mātanga mea whatu. tino Ko ētahi o ēnei tafa'aki kanohi. i hanga e ratou i roto i pepeke me waimāori, etahi angawaho me hātaretare. He aha te mea rerekē i te kanohi tuhaa ohie, he aha e ona āhuatanga matua? Te paraparau nei tatou i te reira i roto i te rauemi o tenei ra.

tafa'aki kanohi

Tenei pūnaha whatu, matawai, te wahi i reira he kahore etine kotahi. Na ngā receptors katoa i roto i te retinula iti (s), hanga he apa ohu nei kei roto kore hopearaa ake io. Ko te kupu, Kei te titoa te kanohi o te plurality o ngā waeine takitahi - ommatidium, hanumi ki te tirohanga pūnaha whānui.

Kanohi tuhaa tūturu ki te tauira, ngā ngārara, rerekē i te karurua (tūturu tangata tae atu) whakamāramatanga rawakore o kōrero pai. Ko e taea ki te wehewehe i waenganui i te marama oscillation (300 Hz) te mea te tangata whāiti taea ratou - 50 Hz. Ko tonu te membrane o tenei momo he hanganga tubular kanohi. I roto i te tirohanga o tenei kanohi matamaha kore e whai i nga āhuatanga o te hakoko rite farsightedness nearsightedness ranei kahore he hāngai, ki a ratou i te ariā o te noho.

Ētahi āhuatanga o te hanganga me te kite

He maha pepeke whēkau o kite noho i te wahi nui o te matenga, a i roto i te meka tonu. Hei tauira, i roto i te tuhaa kapokapowai kanohi ngā o 30,000 matūriki, hanga he hanganga matatini. Butterflies - 17,000 ommatidia, he rere - 4000, i roto i te pi - 5. Ko te maha i raro o matūriki o te popokorua kaimahi - 100 nga wahi.

Karurua te tuhaa ranei?

Ko te momo tuatahi o te tirohanga taea ki te kite i te rōrahi o ngā, ratou taipitopito iti, ki te aromatawai i te tawhiti ki ngā me ratou whakaritenga i roto i te pā ana ki tahi i te tahi. Heoi, stereopsis iti koki o 45 nga nekehanga tangata. Ki te hiahia koe i te tirohanga tino atu o te kaupapa 'Afio e waha ana i runga i te taumata pūpū (ranei tahuri tatou tona matenga huri noa te tuaka). kanohi pūhui i roto i te puka o tuakoi ki ommatidia kia kite koe i te parau mau tawhio noa i taha katoa, kahore neke koutou kanohi upoko ranei. Na te whakapakoko e haere ki te kanohi, nui rite te tāpaepae: ka kite a te kōwae hanganga o te āhuatanga kotahi e te kanohi, a tahi e ratou kawenga mō te re-whakatūnga o te pikitia tonu.

momo

Ommatidia i ngā tohu, hua i roto i rerekē me o ratou āhuatanga optical (hei tauira, pepeke rerekē). Scientists tautuhi toru ngā momo o āhuatanga:

1. Kītea. Taua kanohi pūhui matatini i ngārara awatea. Ko te ngarahu te kore āhuatanga mārama ngā āhuatanga - matūriki e te hunga tata. Na anake e taea receptors kanohi kite te marama i te tuaka coinciding ki te ommatidium.
2. Optikosuperpozitsionnye. Taua kanohi pūhui matatini i te tahi mau waimāori, me te ngārara haere pō, me te crepuscular. Ko te ngarahu roto i te kanohi, tētahi tu ke ommatidia pokarekarenga, e faarahi te tūtohutanga o nga whekau o whakakitenga i tikanga marama iti.
3. Neyrosuperpozitsionnye. Various ommatidia whakarapopototia tohu e haere mai ana i te wāhi kotahi i roto i te wāhi.

E te ara, etahi momo ngārara i te momo whakauru o tinana tafa'aki, ka, he tokomaha, engari e whakaaro tatou i reira e ano kanohi ohie. He āhua nui Heoi, i roto i te ngaro, mo te tauira, kei te whakaritea nga taha o te matenga mana tafa'aki Takirua. A, i runga i te tihi o te matenga, i reira e toru kanohi ohie, e mahi ana mahi ngaahi houalotú. Ko te taua faanahonahoraa me tinana o te pi - e ko, katoa kanohi e rima!

Ētahi kanohi waimāori pūhui rite te mea e noho ana i runga i te turanga outgrowths-horahorangia e.

Na etahi amphibians me ika hoki he atu (kōpako) kanohi e titore marama, engari kua waimaero raro. Retin ngā reira anake o ngā pūtau me receptors.

whanaketanga pūtaiao Modern

Aita i maoro a'e, faceted kanohi - te kaupapa o te ako, me te faahiahia o ngā pūkenga. I muri i te katoa, i enei tinana o tirohanga, no te mea o tona hanganga taketake, whakarato te whenua mō whakaaro pūtaiao me te tūhuratanga i roto i te ao o tuku kōrero hou. Ko te painga matua - he tirohanga whānui whānui o te wāhi, te whanaketanga o veneers horihori, whakamahia te nuinga i roto i te iti, kiato, ngā pūnaha tirotiro piringa.