Alexander Selkirk: he haurongo poto

Robinson Crusoe - he pūāhua paki i roto i te pukapuka Danielya Defo, tuatahi whakaputaina i roto i te 1719 i roto i tenei mahi rongonui te kaipuke pakaru Robinson me kitea e ia i runga i te motu, ora anake i mua i te whakaminenga Paraire, tetahi noho motu mokemoke.

Alexander Selkirk: biography

History Defoe, Heoi, e hāngai ana i runga i te wheako ora tūturu o te hēramana Kotimana. whanau te tauira o Robinson Crusoe, Alexander Selkirk (whakaahua o tona whakapakoko kua aroaro i muri) i roto i 1676 i roto i te kainga hī iti o Lower Largo, i Fife, Scotland, e tata ana te mangai o te Firth o Atu.

I utua e ia e te boatswain i runga i te kaipuke "kua Sankey" pukapuka o marque, me te ahu mo kaukau i roto i te 1702-m. Ko te rangatira o te kaipuke i riro i te corsair ārai Ariki Admiral, e kore anake tukua kaipuke kaihokohoko ki te ea ratou mo te korero-whaiaro ki kaipuke ke, engari fakangofua ia ano hoki te whakaeke ki runga ki a ratou, engari rawa ia i runga i te hunga e rere te haki o nga whenua UK-hoariri. I roto i te meka, ko kahore rerekē i tāhae privateering - pahua i ara tetahi ki te imi i te moni kia rite ki te hokohoko noa moana mutu i roto i te whawhai.

Tuhinga "Sankey ka" i te tühonohono ki tetahi marque arahina inaianei e Kāpene "St. George" William Dampier.

Ko te raihana mō te pahua

I roto i te Paenga-whāwhā 1703 i mahue Dampier London i te matenga o te ope, i ngā o kaipuke e rua, ko te tuarua o i huaina "Rongonui" ka ko raro i te whakahau a Kāpene maka. Otiia ara i mua i nga kaipuke i mahue nga Downs, i nga rangatira, he hinga atu, a "Rongonui" rere, ka mahue i te "St. George" i roto i te noho takitahi. rere Dampier i Kinsale, Ireland, a tutaki i reira ki "Sankey Porui" i raro i te whakahau a Pickering. Kua whakaritea e oko e rua ki te uru ope, ka mutu he kawenata hou i waenganui i te rangatira e rua.

i utua Dampier e Tamati ārahi, na ka tonoa e ia he ope ki te Moana ki te Tonga (Pacific Ocean) ki te kitea, ka pahua kaipuke Spanish kawe taonga. whakaae E rua rangatira ki rere haere te rohe o Amerika ki te Tonga, a horo ana te kaipuke Spanish i roto i Buenos Aires. Ki te ko production 60 000 pauna atu ranei, i te ope ki te hoki tonu ki Ingarangi. I roto i te take o hoa kore i whakaritea ki te rere a tawhio noa Cape Horn ki te patu i nga kaipuke Spanish e mau ana te koura i nga maina i roto i Lima. Ki te kore e taea tenei, i whakaae ai ki te rere ki te raki, me te ngana ki te hopu i te "Acapulco", Manila kaipuke, e mau ana tata tonu te taonga.

ope kino-hū

ope Privateering mahue Ireland i Mei 1703, me rite te neke koe tīmata mea ki te haere tino pai. Rangatira me ngā mema o te waka tautohetia te rota, a ka hinga mate Pickering, a mate. I whakakapi ia e Thomas Stradling. Totohe, Heoi, kihai i mutu. i tika ki whakaaro o te kaumoana whakaahunga, kihai i feunga whakatakotoria i roto i te hanga i te whakaritenga pahua paahitanga te rangatira Dampier me, rite te tupu, i ngaro te rota o te hanga. Kei te whakapae hoki te reira e, i muri ko oti te misioni, e kore ia ko tona hoa Edward Morgan i hiahia ki te faaite i te taonga ki te waka.

I roto i te Hui-tanguru 1704 i roto i te mutu i runga i te motu o te kapa Juan Fernandez "Kua Sankey" whakakeke, ka pai ki te haere hoki i runga i te poari. hoki te waka ki te kaipuke i muri i te wawaotanga o Kāpene Dampier. Ki te hanga mea kino, mahue rā me te taputapu i runga i te motu, i muri i whiua te kapa he taui hohoro, te kitenga i te kaipuke French. Ka rite ki tonu tatou i rere, Cleaning me hanga o kaipuke, ki te tika te ārai kino ki te kutukutu kaipuke kua ngaro, a ka hoatu te marae hohoro ki te rere. Na roto i taua wa, kua tae te hononga i waenganui i te kapa e rua te wāhi, a ka whakaae ratou ki runga ki pa te Gulf o Panama, wehea taonga, me te haere.

Mutiny i runga i te kaipuke

I roto i Mahuru 1704 te "St. George" rere a "Sankey kua" hoki ki te Juan Fernandez i roto i te ngana ki te whakahoki to ratou rewa te me rewa, engari tahuri te reira i roto i taua ka mau ratou ki te kaipuke French. Ko reira konei e te boatswain Alexander Selkirk whakakeke, fakafisi ki te haere atu. ka mohio ia e ko na kino te huru o te kaipuke, ko tona hononga ki Kapene Stradling kia kukū ai e hiahia ia ki te tamata i to ratou waimarie me ki te whenua i runga i Mas-he-Tierra, tetahi o nga motu ke nofo'i o te Juan Fernández. I mahue ia i te pītara, he maripi, he toki, ōti, me te tupeka, me te te Bibilia, tuhinga fakalotú, me te maha o ngā pūrere whakatere. I te taime hopea ui Alexander Selkirk ki te tango i a ia i runga i te poari, engari kihai Stradling.

Ka rite ki te hua tahuri te reira i roto i, ahakoa ki tona i pai ai, ia ora i to outou ora. I muri i te wehenga atu o te rere Huana Fernandesa "wa o Sankey" riro kua pera kaha e akina atu te waka i ki te whakarere i kaipuke, me te whakawhiti ki te waka mōkihi. ora te reira i 18 anake kaipuke nei i whakahaere ki te tae te rohe o Amerika ki te Tonga, i reira i riro ratou. Nga Spaniards me te taupori rohe i kino-tukinotia ratou, a ka hoatu te waka i roto i te whare herehere.

Alexander Selkirk: Island ora

Tata te uta kitea e ia tetahi ana i reira i taea e ia ora, engari i roto i te marama tuatahi, ko na mataku o tona wehe me te mo'emo'e e mahue varavara te uta, kai te mātaitai. Alexander Selkirk - te tauira o Robinson Crusoe - ra e noho ana i runga i te one, titiro i te pae ki te tumanako ki te kite i te kaipuke, e e kua ora ia. Neke atu i te feruri noa kotahi ia whakamomori.

oro ke e haere mai ana i nga wahi hohonu o te motu, wehi ia, a ka whakaaro ki te hei aue o nga kararehe toto mohoao. I roto i te meka, whakaputaina e ratou nga rakau e hinga i te hau kaha. I roto i te tikanga o Selkirk haere mai anake, i te horo i te reira e te one ki rau o raiona moana. He ko na tokomaha, a ko ratou na nui, me te wehiwehi, e kore ia i maia ki te whakatata te uta, te wahi anake te puna o tona oranga.

Aua'e, ki tonu i te tata timera otaota ki, i roto i ngā rakau tī nikau, i meinga tetahi o ona puna matua o te kai ko te raorao. I tua atu, i kitea Selkirk e i nohoia te motu e maha koati mohoao, mahue pea i reira e kaitiora. I te tuatahi, whaia ia ratou ki te pu, a ka, ka oti ahau te paura, ako ia ki te hopu ia ratou ki o koutou ringa. whangai i roto i te mutunga, Alex torutoru rata me ratou kai me te waiu.

Raruraru o te motu i te kiore kai kino nui i i te peu o ngau ona ringa me ona waewae, i moe ia. Aua'e, i runga i te motu o te ngeru mohoao i ora ai. whakararatatia ahua Selkirk, me i te po karapotia e ratou tona moenga, tiaki i te reira i kiore.

tumanako mana'o-

moe Alexander Selkirk o te ora, me nga ra titiro i roto mo te rere, tahuna nga rama, engari ka mau te reira e rave rahi tau i mua i te kaipuke tae mai Cumberland Bay. Heoi, kihai i tino te toronga tuatahi rite i tūmanakohia e ia.

Koa, Alex kokiritanga ki te pēke ki te tohu i maturuturu iho kaipuke e rua tutau atu te rohe. Kitea rawatia ake mohio ia i Spanish ratou! Mai ko Ingarangi me Spain i te whawhai, i mohio tatari Selkirk ia i roto i te whakarau whakarau kino atu i te mate, te whakarau o te pononga i roto i te toku tote. u te rōpū rapu, me te kitenga "Robinson", ka anga ki te kopere ki a ia tae noa ki oma ia, ka huna. I roto i te mutunga, mutu nga Spaniards titiro a hohoro mahue te motu. whakarau i mawhiti, ka hoki Alex ki tona nui atu ngeru hoa me nga koati.

whakaoranga hari

"Robinson" i runga i te motu noho anake hoki e wha tau e, me te wha marama. I whakaora ia e tetahi tupekepeketanga arahina e Kāpene Woods Rogers. I roto i te roko o tona kaipuke, i arahina e ia i roto i tenei rerenga rongonui, whakaahuatia Rogers te kau o te whakaoranga Selkirk i tanguru 1709.

"Tae matou i runga i te motu o Juan Fernandez 31 January. Anötia, noho matou i reira tae noa ki February 13. I te motu, i kitea e matou kahore tetahi Aleksandra Selkirka, he Kōtimana e i mahue i reira e Kāpene Stradling, haere tahi Kāpene Dampier i tona rerenga whakamutunga, me te hunga ora mo te wha tau e, me wha marama, me kahore tetahi wairua ora, ki i taea e ia te kōrero, kore me te amiorangi kotahi, ki te kahore hoki koati mohoao. "

I roto i te meka, Selkirk, ahakoa tona pororaru, whakaūtia, i ki te tono mea i haere mai ia ki runga kia rite ki ako e roto i tona faaora ko te rerenga kino-hū Commander "Sankey ka" a inaianei te pairati i runga i te kaipuke Vudsa Rodzher Dampier. I roto i te mutunga, i whakakikitia e ia ki te waiho i te motu, a ka i whakaritea e ia kaiāwhina ki te kaipuke Rogers "Duke". Te tau e whai ake nei, i muri i te hopu o te kaipuke Spanish nuestra Senora de la Incarnacion Disenganio, kawe koura, whakaputaina hēramana Alexander Selkirk i roto i boatswains kaipuke ope hou, whakaingoatia te "Bachelor".

hoki

mutu Swimming Woods Rogers i 1711 te taenga o te Hauraki. Ko te tauira o Robinson Crusoe, Alexander Selkirk i tona hokinga mai ka whānui mōhiotia. Heoi, i karangatia e ia ki te hoatu taunakitanga i roto i te kōti ki a William Dampier Elizabet Kresvell, tamahine o te rangatira o te ope tuatahi, mo te ruihitanga i roto i 1703.

I muri i taua, rere "Robinson" i runga i te kaipuke kaihokohoko ki Bristol, te wahi i whakatupato ai ia ki te huaki. Pea kawea te tiaki i kaitautoko o Dampier, engari ahakoa i herea ia mo te 2 tau.

Alexander Selkirk, he hēramana me privateer Robinson, i mate i te moana i roto i te 1721.